Research Of Aircraft Attitude-Navagation Information Based On Polarization Electromagnetic Wave Signal

Low-cost aircraft attitude/heading determination has long been an issue of great interest inaircraft navigation. Electromagetic Vector Sensor has wide application prospect because of itspreponderance in information acquisition ability. It also can provide realtime attitude/headinginformation for aircraft and so can be a major alternative for the traditional inertial navigation systembecause of its low cost, small size, fast speed and convenience.This paper examines the problem of aircraft attitude angles(rolling, heading and pitching angle)estimation based on DOA and polarization estimation of polarization electromagnetic signals usingone Electromagetic Vector Sensor mounted on an aircraft. The major contents of the thesis aresummarized as follows:(1)An aircraft receives electromagnetic signals by an Electromagetic Vector Sensor mounted on it,DOA and polarization parameters are estimated by the method of Uni-Vector-MUSIC orUni-Vector-ESPRIT. Then the aircraft attitude matrix is transformed from body coordinate to waveframe according to the DOA and polarization angles of the signals.(2) Transform the aircraft attitude matrix from wave frame to geographic coordinate coordinateaccording base station’s elevation and azimuth angle relative to the aircraft combined withpolarization ellipticity of the electromagnetic signal in the body coordinate. Then attitude angles areestimated.(3) Cramer-rao bound of attitude angles estimation is also derived and the relationship between theprecision and the polarization ellipticity is obtainedMonte Carlo simulation results verify the efficacy of this scheme and it can satisfy the aircrafts’requirement because the error is within1.0degree. This scheme can complete attitude anglesestimation with just one Electromagetic Vector Sensor and base station signals, making the aircraftdetachment restrait of inertial navigation system. It is especially applicable to aircrafts whoseinstalling space is restricted so long as the volume of a Vector Sensor is small.