The Study Of Space On-Orbit Assembly Technology

The technology of on-orbit assembly is an important technology of manned space flight, It is major on how to assembly the parts into a whole structure, an unit or other space device. Its improvement has been following the variation of the spaceflight task and the improving of the technology. The on-orbit technology is also an important research direction of the on-orbit service field. Because of the technologies of all of the fields have a universal relation, the technology of on-orbit has been making a promotion to the other fields of the spaceflight, even the other fields of the science. The level of the spaceflight technology certainly will affect the economy, the military and the politics of a country. Our country is now one of the leading power countries in spaceflight field, the technology of manned spaceflight has come to the application stage, the technology of on-orbit assembly is particularly important, as an key technology of the spaceflight.According to the history of the on-orbit assembly technology which has a 40-years-long improvement, this article divide the history of the on-orbit assembly into three stage: The forming stage of the on-orbit assembly technology; The research stage of manual on-orbit assembly; The research stage of manual on-orbit assembly and autonomous assembly. According to the difference stage, analysis the relation element, such as the economy, the military and the politics.It discuss the concept of the on-orbit assembly technology and the other concepts of this field, such as the task of the on-orbit assembly. It reveals a law about the improvement of the on-orbit assembly technology.The key space technologies of in-orbit assembly are studied from all aspects, including the technologies of space robot; mechanical arms; space target recognition, tracking and measurement; astronaut’s life support and new type of modular design of spacecraft.The prospect of in-orbit space assembly technology is well studied, including the development model, principles and strategy, which is combined with the existing state of our country. After which, the development scheme of in-orbit space assembly is put forward with our national conditions, and the significance of the technology is described.