Studies On Green Synthesis Of High Quality TATB Free From Chloride

TATB was firstly synthesized in1887, while it was used as explosive late in the last century. TATB has a well thermal stability and insensitivity.In this dissertation, TATB and its precursor was studied. The starting material,1,3,5-trihydroxy-benzene, is converted via the sequence nitration-alkylation-amination to TATB. In the study, the technical conditions of some reactions were discussed, optimum conditions were obtained. In the part of nitration, the optimum conditions and some nitration agents were discussed, and study the influence of the zeolite catalysts. The optimum conditions of nitration were obtained as follows:the ratio of sulphuric acid to1,3,5-trihydroxy-benzene was4:1,70mL H2SO4, HNO3/H2SO4nitration(20g95%HNO3and20mL H2SO4),0℃5h. In the part of alkylation, the optimum conditions and some alkylation agents were discussed,and study the influence of the fuctional ionic liquids. The optimum conditions of alkylation were obtained as follows:n (1,3,5-trihydroxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene):n (triethyl orthoformate)=1:1.2,130mL dimethylbenzene,100℃2h,125℃5h,145℃0.5h. The optimum conditions of amination were obtained as follows:consistence0.05g/mL,400rpm, reaction2h at90℃The study has researched some conditions that affect the particle size and the surface morphology of the TATB.Such synthesis of TATB without chloride was environmental, low pollutional,high yield, safe, and lay the foundation for future enlarge and expand production.