Legal Regulation Of Urban Surface Water Environment

Water is the precious natural resources for human survival and development, by whichpeople are brought up and cities are built, indubitably, water resources is an importantwealth for the value of the human society. But the current water environmentcondition is alarming, on the one hand, because of the excessive human waterresources development and utilization, water storage decrease, and water resourcesare facing the danger of exhaustion, because of the low usage efficiency and seriouswaste, the shortage of water resources is aggravated. On the other hand, a lot of lifeand industrial sewage discharge makes the water environment continued to be worse,the water pollution accidents have occurred frequently. It has become the worldsubject faced together on how to guarantee sustainable water resources uses forhuman under the premise of no water ecological balance destroy. In our country, theresource concept with long-term excessive use and despising protection and thedevelopment mode with the expense of the environment for economic growth havebecome the main causes of current water environment crisis. The shortage of waterresources and serious water pollution are the main features for current waterenvironment situation. Our country pays high attention on water environmentprotection, environmental and resources protection department sets up the majorscience and Technology project for water pollution control and management, underwhich sets up the lakes theme, rivers theme, and urban water environment theme. Thestate council recently declares that our country will carry out the most strict waterresources management system.With China’s rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the urban waterrequirement and sewage discharge has increased dramatically, the city becomes thehard-hit area of water resources crisis, and the current water resources situationrestricts the urban economy and social development. The city, as population gatheringarea and economic development center, is the biggest area that impacts human activity,surface water of city administrative districts divided by lakes, rivers has manycharacteristics, which is the prominent contradiction with economic development andof great strategic significance on social development with effective protection andrational utilization. The causes of the water pollution are both the accumulation ofhistory, and a new period of sudden increase. The causes of water shortage are bothnatural factors and human factors intervention. To realize city water surface resourceprotection and thorough pollution control, not only need means of science andtechnology, also need law-governed and Standard management system.This paper will take the city as a unit and two important components of rivers andlakes as the main research object, at the same time, take lakes and rivers within city as the unified whole of city surface water into research, from the perspective of laws,discuss that with example of typical city rivers and lakes and research methods of sitesurvey, normative analysis, comparative analysis and others, laws and regulations hasgreat importance on urban surface water environment management, analyze causes ofcurrent urban surface water environment laws situation and propose comprehensivelaws and regulations.In this paper, elaborate the above-mentioned issue with five parts:The first part is the summary of urban surface water environment. This part isdemonstration base of the whole thesis, in the view of concept, from waterenvironment to surface water environment then to urban surface water environment,briefly introduce the influence of the city for surface water environment. Aims togeneralize characteristic and content of "urban surface water environment" withdefinition research and establish the goal that will be achieved with laws andregulations of urban surface water environment.The second part is the description of current condition of urban surface waterenvironment and cause analysis. This part, based on the data "2010environmentalquality bulletin” issues by the protection of environment and resources departmentand the example of frequent environment pollution accident, draw a conclusion thatcurrent urban surface water environment continue to worsen. Then, analyze thecurrent condition with direct cause and root cause. Specify technologicalbackwardness of pollution treatment, the pressures of urbanization, the shortage of theenvironmental protection consciousness and insufficient capital investment as thedirect reason, and emphasize lack of legal regulations as the root cause.The third part focuses on the necessity of protecting urban surface water environmentwith laws and regulations. This part discusses the necessity of making laws andregulation on urban surface water environment from three aspects. Firstly, urbansurface water environment’ value and the demand for function, namely the importanceof water resources needs to have the law to give protection and adjustment; Secondly,short of laws and regulations on urban surface water environment management needsto be stipulated by laws. Thirdly, current urban surface water environment conditionneeds to be improved.The fourth part is Legal Countermeasures for urban surface water environmentmanagement. On the well-reasoned basis of preceding situations and causes, proposeto improve Legal system of urban surface water environment. And specify legislativeidea, improve planning system, regional government cooperation system and publicparticipation system. Put forward suggestions to improve local laws and localgovernment official documents at the impotent of legal system.