Study On Ecological Compensation Standards Of Water Source Area

For a long time, due to the lack of necessary ecological compensation measures, China’secological protection and construction formed such an unreasonable situation: the burden of asmall number of people, most people benefit; the burden of the upstream areas, downstreamareas benefit; the burden of poverty-stricken areas, well-off benefit. Building ecologicalcompensation mechanism of the water source, the purpose is to adjust the imbalance in payand benefits in ecological protection and resource development and utilization of the upstreamand downstream region. Residents in the basin area will have an equal right to developmentand share the fruits of development. Building of the ecological compensation mechanism willreduce the contradictions and conflicts between the entire basin, contribute to the achievementof stable social development, Promote the common development of the entire socio-economicdevelopment and environmental protection. The establishment of ecological compensationstandards in the water source area, provides the possibility for better implementation ofecological compensation and coordination between upstream and downstream of each mainenvironmental benefits and economic benefits arising from. Research on ecologicalcompensation standards for water sources is not only the further improvement of theecological compensation theory, but also provides an important theoretical support for thesustainable development of the ecological environment.Starting from the point of view of ecological protection of the water source, combiningwith the ideology of internalization of external costs of ecological protection, from thetechnical, legal regulations, cost of inputs to establish a basis of ecological compensation, andconsidering the natural environmental factors, economic factors, social factors and humanactivity factors, according to the principles of index selection and purpose of ecologicalprotection, this article aims to establish the index system of watershed ecologicalcompensation which includes direct input system, indirect investment system and benefits ofecological protection. Simultaneously, this research on Estimates of ecological compensationstandards of water source area takes Dawenhe river for an example. Through theestablishment of indicators system, the scope of compensation needed by ecologicalcompensation standards of water source area is explicitly, the progress of the regionalecological protection and construction is fully embodies, a more accurate calculation of theecological compensation standards will be provided.(1)To quantify the ecological value for the ideas， this article carried a study takingDawenhe river as an example, developed accounting system for ecological compensation standard. On the one hand, this paper built the various indicators of the direct costs from acost perspective, on the other hand, taking the benefits of ecosystem services as a startingpoint, built practical and operational indicators, calculated the value created by the ecologicaland environmental protection in order to quantify the benefits obtained by the purchase ofecological services.(2) In this paper, ecological compensation standards includes opportunity cost ofdevelopment has been formulated, the method of calculation of indirect costs of the watersource has been given. At present, opportunity cost of development to residents of the watersource has been involved in the study of the water ecological compensation, but withoutmaking a detailed study. While loss of development conditions and developmentopportunities of the protector are the major issues facing by the ecological compensation ofwater source. In order to protect the efficiency of water use, promote watershed fair,sustainable development, on the basis of compensation for direct environmental input costs, itis necessary to compensate for the cost of development opportunities.