Synthesis, Characterization And Application Of Several Micro-nano-environment Functional Materials

The materials on the physical and chemical functions such as optical, electrical, magnetic, acoustic, thermal and other properties can be used industry and technology is called functional materials, including electrical functional materials, magnetic functional materials, optical functional materials, superconductingmaterials, smart materials, hydrogen storage materials, biomedical materials, nano-drug carriers, feature film, functional ceramics, functional fibers, etc. With the continuous expansion of the field of new materials, many types of functional materials become the focus of the research and development in the field of new materials in the world because of its wide range of applications. The materials of composed of the phase and grain size in any dimension less than100nm materials is called nanomaterials, also known as supramolecular materials. It is attributed to the emergence of nanotechnology that the rapid development of functional materials, the continuous emission of new functional materials and endless stream of high-precision, high-performance functional materials. Nanotechnology improved the development and innovation of the functional materials. This dissertation includes the following:1. Monodisperse Fe3O4@C core-shell microspheres have been successfully prepared by using a two step method. Firstly, the monodisperse Fe3O4and of Fe3O4@C microspheres are prepared by hydrothermal, then amino-functionalized using ethylenediamine via Schiff base reaction. The surface amino groups (-NH2) of monodisperse Fe3O4@C core-shell microspheres can adsorbed Cu2+in water and EDTA can be a good complexation of Cu2+. Therefore, EDTA is chosed to adsorb Cu2+on the surface of Fe3O4@C microspheres, so that the material can be reused repeatedly. The sample was characterized by TEM, IR and their magnetic nature. And the adsorption capacity of Cu2+was also explored. We can see that Fe3O4@C still had excellent adsorption to Cu2+after five cycles.2. The nanocomposite particles were prepared with a sandwich structure using a green chemical process by hydrothermal method. This complex contains carbon of surface functional groups and nano-silver of good photocatalytic properties. In the synthesis process, water, non-toxic to the environment, as a solvent and glucose as reductant. On this basis, silver ammonia solution was reduced by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at room temperature, which made silver particles attached to the surface of the carbon layer. The characterization instruments of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to characterize the samples. The tests on photocatalytic degrading of the methylene blue using as-prepared Ag@C@Ag composite particles with the sandwich structure of was investigated.3. ZnO is a common catalyst, which has hexagonal wurtize-type lattice structure. In this chapter, zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn (CH3COO)2·2H2O) as raw materials, the flower-like ZnO with lamellar thickness of about40nm was prepared by solvothermal. On this basis, the silver nanoparticles about10nm was deposited on the surface of ZnO by homogeneous precipitation using PVP, which can improve the photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide. And discussed the impact of the silver ammonia concentration on morphology and the nature. The morphology, structure and properties was characterizated and analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning microscope, projection microscope, UV-Visible Spectrometer. Ag/ZnO heterogeneous complexes had excellent photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet light of wavelength at365nm.