Analysis On Landscape Pattern Changes Of Typical Alpine Wetland In Kongga Town Of Dingri In Recent20Years

The topic of this thesis came from the national natural science found project“EverestgNature Reserve alpine wetland landscape pattern process modeling andsimulation(No.41161067). The wetland areas near KongGa Town in the EverestNational Nature Reserve as the study area of typical wetland vegetation., based onmulti-source and multi-phase remote sensing image, extracting space pattern changecharacteristics of different wetland vegetation types in the studied area, combining withthe corresponding period of the climate data, using a variety of spatial analysis methodsand methods of mathematical statistics, research on the spatial correlation andconstraints relationship between temporal dynamics changing characteristics ofwetland landscape pattern and changes in climatic conditions.Firstly,the data from Landsat and Resources Satellite No.3as a data source,selected three phase of satellite remote sensing image（the year of1992,2000,2012）,and combined with administrative zoning map, wetland vegetation type map,topographic map, land use map, as well as the field investigation data and GPS point,etc.about the study area,by ENVI4.7, ArcGIS10,Excel2007and FRAGSTATS etc.,usingthe method of artificial visual interpretation to extract wetland distribution of variousvegetation types in the study area, and use of spatial analysis and mathematicalstatistics methods, from the area change, spatial distribution, dynamic and landscapepattern changes four aspects to study the area of wetland landscape pattern in1992-2012. The Results show that: during the period of1992-2012, total wetland ofstudy area presents increasing trend after reduction first. although the2000-2012wetland area is recovered, the area is farl ess than the reduction of1992-2000, so theoverall research area of wetland is still in a state of atrophy. Various vegetation typesbetween1992and2012also showed a trend of shrinking and the low coveragepaludification meadows of minimal change, which also proves the presence of wetland degradation phenomenon. In terms of various vegetation types of landscape patternchanges, there are the following conclusions: wetland in advantage type block numbergradually reduced, the landscape patch connectivity between the declining trend,degree of patch fragmentation, resulting in a decline in the stability of the wetlands inthe study area, and increaing the degradation rate.Then, based on meteorological data about Tingri county, Kyrgyz county, SouthForest county, NieLaMuXian and Paris town7meteorological stations during1980-2012, through linear interpolation, correlation analysis, linear trend analysis, thecumulative distance equal method, using the software such as SPSS and Excel2007,analyze the overall trend of climate changes in protected area in33years. The resultsshow that in the protected area, the average annual temperature, the minimum andmaximum temperature presents obvious upward trend in the interannual fluctuations;Annual precipitation in the interannual fluctuations appearing in a certain rising trend,but in general overall growth is slow; The evaporation capacity of protected areasbetween1980and2012shows a downward trend overall in the volatility.Finally, using wetland landscape pattern characteristics of the study area,combined with the trend of climate change at the same time, analyze the constraintrelationship between them, the results show that climate change is the dominant factorfor wetland change of the study area.