The Third Road: The Ziman’s Thinking Of Scientific Philosophy

Since the20th century, as science increasingly powerfully, the interaction between science and society and the nature of science academic research is increasingly becoming the focus of attention of hotspots and public. Various schools, especially Merton school based on Merton and SSK school based on Brewer all elucidate of the scientific concept of position and Tit-for-tat debate, both trying to defend their own view of science. John Ziman as a scientist from physics turned to scientific research by virtue of his years of front-line scientific practice and the observation of meta-science research. He felt Merton school and SSK school did not give a true depiction of the nature of science. He believes that the two toward the two extremes of science and relativism:scientism leads to the blind worship of science, relativism leads to a complete denial of science. As a responsible scientist, he believes it is necessary to correct the errors of the two. At the end, his departure from the natural stance, trying to establish a new scientific model in pluralism, interdisciplinary perspective, revealed to the public a real scientific image. The choice of the subject of this paper is the author taking into account. Science is constantly moving forward. And understanding of the nature of science, and the relationship between science and society are constantly moving forward. Therefore, the description of a scientific model should advance with the times, in order to be able to truly reflect the nature of science in the context of reality. And the model of Ziman science is such a conform to the development of the scientific establishment. He is based on the practice of science, the image of a "real science" is displayed to the public. My mentor, Professor Ma Laiping, thinks that the Ziman scientific philosophy, not only for the development of meta-science itself has important theoretical significance, but also has important practical significance to promote the progress of China’s science and philosophy. Thus, in his guidance, the author conducts a study of the Ziman school philosophy.In this paper, a study by the scientific sociology original and relevant literature, I combed three scientific concepts, reveal Ziman formed transcendence of Ziman based on the criticism and the absorption about the Merton school and SSK school. By a description of the scientific naturalism, Ziman attempts to reveal the scientific objective reality in order to achieve the purpose of defending the science. This thesis believes Ziman opens up the third element of scientific research approach between the Merton School and SSK. In fact, there is a lot of the academic for Ziman’s study of the philosophy of science. But one aspect of the philosophy of science for Ziman, can be said Ziman to Ziman. This Ziman view of science and the scientific view of the traditional popular together horizontal comparative study, thus revealing the different research approaches Ziman Philosophy of Science, and scientific research provides a new way of thinking.In view of the limited capacity in the thesis writing process involves a lot of English literature, which caused considerable difficulties for the authors to understand the Ziman scientific philosophy, literature understanding may occur deviation or error. Furthermore, as the papers related to the three aspects of the scientific view of the Merton school and SSK, still, the scientific view of the Ziman, This is undoubtedly a large and complex project, which requires a strong ability to control and strong academic heritage. Therefore, in this thesis, there are many imperfections need to conduct further studies in the future, but the author still hope to be able to improve the understanding of the nature of science, also wanting some contributions to the meta-scientific study of China through the writing of this paper.