Identification Of Allopolyploid Rice And Hybrid From Asia Cultivated Rice(Oryza Sativa L) And Oryza Alta

From the perspective of plant evolution, combined with heterologous genome and polyploidization reflects the general direction of crop evolution. Cai Detian proposed a new way to breeding,"using dual advantages from wide-cross and polyploidization to breeding super rice "According to subspecies, species and genetic group heterosis three-step strategy to implement, in order to obtain desired allopolyploid hybrids and hybrid genomes. Taking advantage of some genetic material to access hybrids, such as the use of wide compatibility, apomixis and the gene of Ph, to provide a reliable protection of breeding the allopolyploid rice. In many cases, allopolyploid not only may overcome hybrid sterility caused by distant hybridization, but also bring genomes of heterozygosity, increasing the genome size, making the range of genetic variation becoming wider, enhancing the tolerance of negative factors, which can bring about fundamental changes in high and stable yield.In order to take advantage of some useful genes of Oryza alta(CCDD),using of hybride、 embryo rescue,tissue culture, doubling techniques about colchicine, using colchicine to treat callus of the F1generation of hybrids from Asian cultivated rice obtained and non-A genome wild rice,or using chromosome doubling for shoot clumps to forme allopolyploid. Already successful in having been got the triploid hybrids CW026-3x (AsCD), hexaploid of CW026-6x (AsAsCCDD), hybriding CW026-6x and cultivated rice strain of HN2026-2x (APAP) containing PMeS (polyploid meiosis stability) gene. Successfully obtained backcrossing hybrids of ASAPCD plants by embryo rescue, By identificating of chromosome counting of root,2n=4x=48. Verificatin experiment materials RW147-4x (CCDD)、 RW147-8x (CCCCDDDD)、 CW026-3x (ASCD)、 CW026-6x (ASASCCDD)、 ASAPCD for morphology and cytology two aspects, getting the following results: 1. Hybrids from Asian cultivated rice (CW026-3x) and Pole wild rice (RW147-4x), and the hybrids of AsAPCD from CwO26-6x and HN2026-2x, through the plant height, stem, leaf, awn, Setting percentage, and fell grain situation of morphological observation statistics,preliminary appraisal for true hybrids.2. Through the chromosome counting shows:RW147-2n=48, RW147-4n=96, CW026-3x=36, CW026-6x=72, ASAPCD=48. From cells genetics can conclude:the doubling of RW147-2n、CW026-3x has successed, CW026-3x. ASAPCD are true hybrids.3. Through the genome of in situ hybridization, using C genome as probe, Identified the genome composition of CW026-3x, analysising the result of hybrid, the hybrids of CW026-3x contain genome A、C and D, which can give you a rough identification of genetic relationship between filial generations.4. SSR molecular detection more exact differentiates the oryza strain of Asian cultivated rice DTS137, HN2026, Oryza alta and their hybrids3X,4X and6X.This experiment to identification of Pole wild rice about polyploid, hybrid trisomy, allohexaploid rapprochement hybrid tetraploid, to further breeding strong advantage allopolyploids rice provides abundant resources. Rapprochement hybrids of ASAPCD can continue to double, to get homologous heterologous eight times body rice of ASASAPAPCCDD, which can lay a solid foundation for achieving breeding super rice.