Potential Bionic Value And Morphological Basis Of Biomimic Research On The Dung Beetles For Reduction Of Soil Adhesion And The Of Polarized Light Navigation

To make an efficient, energy-saving, save and reliable high performancematerials, the author comparative analyzed the ultrastructure of the head,mouthparts, antennae, compound eyes, foot and seta of13species ofScarabaeoidae and1species of Hybosoridae and combined with its behaviorcharacteristics to analyze the function of special part of dung beetle in soiladhesive reduction and moonlight polarized light navigation. We studied themetendosternite evolution trend of dung beetle and the significant in itsphylogenetic analysis.(1) Comparative analyze the head, mouthparts, antennae, compoundeyes, coleoptera, foot and seta of13species of Scarabaeoidae and1species ofHybosoridae, combine with the special active of dung beetle, discuss thefunction and summarize the value of its special part;(2) Value measurement the special parts of the dung beetle such as headand compound eye, and the measurement results were analyzed. There islarge difference between dung beetle and Hybosoridae, which is directlyrelated to their living habits and the environment. This big difference isresults from the adaptive mutation in environmental evolutionary process ofthe scarab genera.(3)About moonlight polarized light navigation research, it around thedung beetle’s (13species of Scarabaeoidae and1species of Hybosoridae)different action rules (diurnal, nocturnal and throughout the day) and way ofdeal with drops (burrowing type, fecal habitat type and rolling drops type) todo the comparative study of the microstructure and ultrastructure ofcompound eye, and a structure which connect the compound eye namednervous system ultrastructure. And then discuss its basic form of polarizedlight navigation.(4) Measure the spatial resolution of dung beetle compound eye, andmake the corresponding theoretical analysis. This is the first time to use Micro-CT combination of the AMIRA three-dimensional reconstructionsoftware for dung beetle compound eye, brain central body and the sense ofpolarization nerve to do the reconstruction of central three-dimensionalstructure, and work out a theoretical analysis.(5)Metendosternite or metafurca is a chitinous, internal structure inhigher pterygote insects, which plays significant role in the movementactivities of insect, such as flight and walk. Previous studies were mainlyfocused on the comparative morphology of metendosternite in high levelgroup of Coleoptera. No research has investigated the morphologicalevolutionary trends of metendosternite in tribe level of Chinese dung beetles.65species of nine tribes of Scarabaeinae were treated. The diagnoses of tribesand key to tribe based on the characters from metendosternite were given. Theimplications on the phylogenetic analysis and future directions were discussedalso.