Reproductive Characteristic And Ecological Adaption Of Nanophyton Erinaceum(Pall)Bge

In this paper, we studied the characteristics of flowering phenology, fruit development process, seed germination, salinity in seed germination stress and seedling desiccation tolerance of Nanophyton erinaceum and the adaptive strategies to the extreme environment in Junggar desert were discussed. The main results were as follows:1. The population of N. erinaceum flowering in summer (from the late June to the late August) and the flowering period of the population was56-58d, and it belongs to an extended-flowering pattern. The flower is bisexual and monochlamydeous, the perianths open2-4h after of stigma revealed when flowering and anthers forming versatile-shape at the lateral side of stigma; the cracking direction of anthers are always coordinative couplet to stigma; Pollen viability was higher as the peak of stigma receptivity, pollen ovule ratios was between750-1100, which suggests breeding system of facultative autogamy.2. The fruit developed slowly after flowering, when the high temperature in summer and since the end of August when the temperature is lower, it began to growing rapidly and matures gradually at the end of September or at the beginning of October. The growing phase of perianths is same as the fruit’s growing phase and its length is two times of fruit’s and protects young fruits from water evaporation by packaging.3. Seed germination characteristics(1) The effects of temperature on germination. The germination of seeds of N. erinaceum had wider range of optimum temperature, the germination percentage was higher than72±5.16%at all alternating temperatures, and there were significantly different among different alternating temperatures (5/2℃,15/2℃,25/15℃and30/15℃) in germination, the optimal temperature to seed germination was15/2℃and the suboptimal temperature was5/2℃.(2) The effects of salinity on germination. The seeds of N. erinaceum were treated with different NaCl concentration. The results indicated that salinity showed significant inhibitory effect on seed germination: germination percentage is highest in0mol/L NaCl concentration, lower concentration (0.05mol/L) of NaCl treatment can also inhibit the germination. Seed germination decreased as NaCl concentration increased from0.05mol/L, and non germination occurred in1.6mol/L NaCl concentration. There was a highly negative relationship between germination percentage and salt concentration. However, after transferred to distilled water, un-germinated seeds in higher salt concentration have low germination recovery percentages (<59%). The germination percentage and recovering percentage of seeds in different NaCl concentration is lower than the distilled water, it indicates that some of seeds deprived germination ability after treated with NaCl concentration.4. Seedling desiccation tolerance. The young seedlings have stronger ability to resist drought stress and its survival rates were affected by length of seedlings and duration of dehydration. Seedlings that were0to4cm in length were able to growth after drought stress for14d, whereas seedlings of4-6cm long did not recover after7d of drought stress. The survival ability of seedling significantly affected by the length of seedlings before dehydration, the drying period and the interaction of the both factors.