| The moon exploration is not only the important approach and means tounderstand the Earth’s evolution process and the Earth-Moon system, but is a concreteembodiment of a country’s comprehensive national strength. Since the past more thanhalf century of the scientific moon exploration, it has experienced three stagesrespectively, the first upsurge, the relatively quiet period, and the second upsurge.Meanwhile the moon observation technologies have developed from over the moon,around the moon, hard landing, soft landing, lunar rover and the astronaut field trip,the level has rised gradually. The mankind has made much significant progress in thewhole lunar terrain detection,structural characteristics and resource exploration, but itwas still mainly concentrated on the lunar surface and subsurface. Reviewing thedevelopment of lunar exploration about observation technologies and researches, alsoaccording to the new lunar exploration technologies of the current Chinese“Chang’E-1”,“Chang’E-2” and the situation of the other countries’ lunar exploration,the future moon exploration about the exploration technologies and researches hasbeen prospected.Lunar surface morphology is the result of internal and external forces, so thestudy on the lunar landscape features can be a direct reflection of the ups and downsof moon’s surface and its geodynamic mechanisms. And help to further resolve thelunar internal structure and its evolution simultaneously. In addition, the compositionof the moon, the geological structure and evolution, and much other information haveto be extracted from its topography, which give the topography detection a deeperlevel of meaning and significance.The top and the buttom edges of1,000impactcraters and the scope of the typical mares with different fill lithology located indifferent latitudes have been extracted by manual vectorization in the remote sensing images evenly in this paper based on GIS. The equivalent radius of the top and thebuttom edges, that is r1(top) and r2(buttom), are computed by the area of the range ofthe crater’s lip and buttom. And h, the height (depth) of the impact craters, are derivedfrom the digital elevation model of the whole moon. Then craters and mares areresearched in multi-parameters statistical analysis and fractal analysis. The resultsshow that:(1) The fractal dimension of the impact craters’ number with r1and r2isD1=1.88D2=1.51respectively. They are both larger than the fractal dimension of theimpact craters on the earth. And indicating that the extraneous interference whichdecides the complexity of the impact craters on the moon surface is lower than earth’s,the complexity of the top is higher than the buttom at the same time.(2) There is a good liner correlation between r1-r2, and the clustering resultswill be divided into three categories, the coefficient of determination are R12=0.685R22=0.886R32=0.974.(3) The coefficient of determination R2=0.968is obtained by the liner fit ofr1-r2-h three parameters, which shows that there is also a good liner correlation amongr1-r2-h, and the formation of the lunar impact craters is in the same dynamicenvironment, the same as after the formation.(4) The lines fitted by the boundary and topography complexity of mares areapproximately parallel in the double logarithmic coordinates, indicating the moonnow basically preserves the condensation state after its activities stopped, combiningwith the q-Dqcurves of the study areas. The ups and downs of the mares’ surface werecaused by external impacts of meteorites, and the small differences among thedifferent mares may caused by internal geological activities before moon itselfactivities stopped. |
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