| Aimed at developing and popularizing the application value of earthworm behaviors in animal husbandry and environmental impact assessment, its behavior reactions in different experiment environment had been researched, through the method of Model construction, Indoor observation, Water soluble and Filter paper contacting, we had down the following earthworm behaviors tests:(1) The experimental adopted the latest ISO standard system with earthworm avoidance response devices of four rooms. Each group had the same size of earthworms totally30. According to the number of earthworms in the turfy soil of different smelling, the taxis of earthworms to pear, chili powder and fish gut was investigated.(2) According to the method of behavioral observation in laboratory, root-orientation behavior and behavior in response to roots in different earthworm species, different kinds of plants and the growth period or on different soil moisture level was investigated.(3) This experiment has researched the instant toxicity of three kinds of pesticides to earthworm, which is phoxim, acetochlor and carbendazim in different concentrations.(4) The acute surface toxicity and avoidance behavior of earthworm to DBP was studied in accordance with the standard contract filter paper test and the avoidance behavior tests. Meanwhile, the semi-lethal concentration (LC50) and the semi-effects of concentration (EC50) were determined.The results indicated that:(1) Taxis to tastes:After48hours, we discover that an average of13.25in pear flavor, an average of10in fish flavor, an average of5.5in pepper flavor, control an average of0.75, the total is30.So earthworm particularly like sweet pears, followed by the fish flavor, followed by pepper flavor. Experiment showed that earthworm has a certain tend of smelling choice.(2) Taxis to roots:Eisenia fetida had a positive tend to Trifolium repens L and a negative tend to Artemisia annua L. There was no significant difference (P>0.01) among Eisenia fetida’root-orientation behavior of Trifolium repens L, which under different growth period. Under heavy soil water stress (≤41%), low moisture had no significant difference to root-orientation. Under the suitable moisture (≥60%and≤72%, Eisenia fetida’root-orientation behavior of Pheretima tschiliensis was notable. Under saturated soil water conditions (≥72%and≤85%), no effects were found on Eisenia fetida’ root-orientation behavior of Pheretima tschiliensis. The experiment showed that Earthworms has an important niche in the soil ecological system and has a certain promotion value in low carbon agricultural development.(3) Pesticides’toxicity and earthworm avoidance behavior:Under the influences of acetochlor, the content increases by a larger scale from the original level, but decreases when poisoned again. The content of protein of earthworms increases by a smaller scale under being poisoned by phoxim for once to three times, with the level higher as poisoned more times. Carbendazim makes the content increases sharply. However, it does not show any orders that are obvious in three times. According to this experiment and the results of it, it showed that it is feasible to measure the instant toxic damage to earthworms in water.(4) DBP’toxicity and earthworm avoidance behavior:in contract filter paper test, the LC50and EC50of DBP were1.617mg/cm2and0.7355g/kg, and the experimental earthworm (Eisenia.fetida) significantly avoided when the concentration of DBP was0.188g/kg. The tests indicated that the toxicity of DBP to earthworm is low, and the earthworms were more sensitive than the American soil DBP control standard value0.081mg/kg, so contract filter paper test is only suitable for the initial environmental impact assessment of the DBP soil.In conclusion, this study tested and verified the taxis and avoidance behaviors of earthworm, and investigated its potential application in vermiculture and poisonous substance environmental impact assessment. |
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