| The genus of Dorcus (s. l.) is a relatively big genus in Lucanidae,193species and subspecies has been described worldwidely until now. It has been a problematic group of Lucanidae since Arrow transferred27genera into one complex Dorcus in1950. The alterations of its classification had been made frequnently without enough scientific revsions or any reliable studies during the past years. Its current controversy focused on the relationship of the following four genera, Dorcus (s. s.) Macleay,1819, Serrognathus Motschulsky,1861, Macrodorcas Motschulsky,1861and Hemisodorcus Thomson,1862. Most of European reseachers think the four genera are distinctly different. Oppositely, Japanese researchers treat them as one Dorcus (s.l.). In between, three of them are degraded as subgenera of the Dorcus (s. s.) due to the Law of Priority. The unstability at general level resulted in continual changes of speceis within them, which caused numerous coufusions and severely affected the systematics work on the whole family in the world.Fauna of Dorcus (s. l.) in China is an important part of the world,62species and subspecies of the four genera had been recorded. The high species diversity in our country is suitable and helpful to resove the taxonomic problems of Dorcus (s.l.). In this thesis, morphology, taxonomy, phylogeny and distribution of Dorcus(s. l.) are discussed respectively.In this study, traditional morphological methods are adopted to study taxonomy of the four genera. Taxonomic positions of39species and subspecies within the four genera from China are disscussed mainly based on male characters after comparing some type and identified specimens. As a result, we think three of the four genera, Dorcus (s.s.), Hemisodorcus and Serrognathus should be valid and good general taxa, the genus Macrodorcas is not a general taxon any more, all the species and subspecies belonging to it before should be transferred into the above three genera respectively. Diagosis characters of the three valid genera and species keys within them are provieded. Brief citations of each species/subspecies are given, material examination and distribution are also recorded. Ten new combinations, six new synonymys and one new record are found during our study. All are list as follows:New combinations:Hemisodorcus itoi (Bomans,1993) com. nov., Hemisodorcus mochizukii (Miwa,1937) com. nov., Hemisodorcus ruficrus (De Lisle,1970) com. nov., Hemisodorcus seguvi (De Lisle,1955) com. nov., Hemisodorcus taibaishanensis (Schenk,2008) com. nov., Serrognathus davidi (Seguy,1954) com. nov., Serrognathus emikoae (Ikeda,2001) com. nov., Serrognathus intricatus (Lacroix,1981) com. nov., Serrognathus striatipennis (Motschulsky,1861) com. nov., Serrognathus ursulae (Schenk,1996) com. nov.. New synonymys:Hemisodorcus bomansi Lacroix,1981=Hemisodorcus pieli Didier et Seguy,1953, Macrodorcus negrei Lacroix,1978=Hemisodorcus ruficrus (De Lisle,1970), Dorcus sancha Fujita,2010=Hemisodorcus songianus Didier et Seguy,1953, Macrodorcus castaneus Bomans,1971=Hemisodorcus sinensis Boileau,1899, Serrognathus tibetanus Schenk,2006=Serrognathus daedalion (Didier et Seguy,1953), Dorcus striatipennis continentalis Sakaino,1997=Serrognathus davidi (Seguy,1954). New record: Hemisodorcus itoi (Bomans,1993). Identificational characters of the new record are provided.The phylogeny of the four genera is explored preliminarily according to69morphological characters data from18species within them. The phylogenetic conclusion mainly supports the above taxonomic results on the general relationships. But the analysis still need more work, such as characters of females, biological data, molecular sequences, etc, to improve on the whole.Morphological characters and their states used in cladistic analysis are listed in the appendices.99morphologcial structure photos for cladistic analysis,94photos of male and female genitalia and122photos of adult habitus are taken and illustrated with13plates totally in this thesis. |
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