Ecological Study On The Wetland Vegetation Of Guangxi

Wetland vegetation is the important component of wetland ecosystem. The structures, functions and eco-characteristics of the wetland vegetation do not only reflect the fundamental features and functions of wetland ecosystem, but also indicate the ecological environment condition and the quality of wetland eco-environment. There are various vegetations that are adapted to different wetland eco-environments. Based on a great deal of field investigation and related literature data of various wetland vegetations, by the application of the theories and methods of synecology and ecology, the compositions, floras, classification systems, community characters, distribution characteristics, utilization and conservation of wetland vegetation in Guangxi are discussed and analyzed systematically in this paper. The results obtained were as follows:1. There are89families,199genera, and342species in the community distribution range of wetland vegetation in Guangxi, including3families and4genera and4species of bryophyte,10families and10genera and11species of pteridophyte,2families and3genera and3species of gymnosperm,54families and109genera and174species of dicotyledon, and20families and73genera and150species of monocotyledons, and cyperus, gramineae, polygonum and asteraceae were the dominant genera, which account for13.7%,11.11%,4.97%and4.68%respectively.2. In Guangxi wetland vegetation flora compositions, there are7types and3subtypes of the family distribution area, and12types and8subtypes of the genera. In the compositions of family flora mainly is tropical distribution family which is including3types and2subtypes; and the genera mainly is tropical and temperate distribution which is respectively including7types and3subtypes and5types and5subtypes.3. Wetland of Guangxi could be divided into artificial wetland and natural wetland. The former one was classified into14common association types, and the latter one was classified into9vegetation groups,19vegetation types,138formations and several associations.4. Guangxi wetland vegetation resources is rich, though some wetland plant species has formed a large-scale used, most vegetation resources have not been used, and have a profound potential development. Vegetation distribution can be roughly divided into seven ecological distribution types:river wetland, lake-wetland, library pond wetland, coastal wetland, paddy field wetland, drought or grass field marsh wetland and seaweed bed wetland. Among these, the amphibious plant community, sub-hygrophyte community and hygrophyte community mainly distributed in the rivers, library ponds, coastal wetlands and waste swamp fields etc; emerged plants community usually distribute in lakes, and coastal wetlands, rivers, library ponds, paddy fields and swamps etc; and floating-leaves plant community, floating plant community and submerged plant community mainly distributed in the paddy fields, rivers, lakes, library ponds and seaweed bed etc.5. Guangxi wetland vegetation resources is rich, the mainly vegetation types are rice, chufa, arrowhead, rhizoma alismatis, mangroves, Chinese ash, Cyperus malaccensis, Phragmites, etc. Among these wetland vegetation resources, especially constructed wetland vegetation resources, such as rice, chufa, arrowhead etc are the high economic value types, which are extensively used on the traditional; Some wetland vegetation resources, for example wild chufa were commonly used in weaving materials, because the limited of its distribution area or a substitute by using current is less using them; and most wetland vegetation resources because their yield is limit, low economic value or the difficult of development and utilization, has yet to development and utilization. In recent years, with the development of society and economy, Guangxi wetland vegetation resources is reducing for the unreasonable utilization so strengthen the wetland resources protection management is extremely urgent.