Trends And Mechanism Of Tourism Spatial Evolution Of Metropolitan Area

The metropolitan area is concentrated essential factors of tourism development. The formation and development of tourism destinations in overall metropolitan area, is of great significance to make full use of various tourism elements in metropolitan area and to play the function of various metropolitan tourism. It's also significant to improve the tourism spatial effect of metropolitan area. What's more, it is an important strategic approach for China to become a powerful tourism country instead of a large one. As a special tourism area, tourism spatial evolution of metropolitan area has its own uniqueness, and it shows certain regularity. The researches specialized on tourism destinations in overall metropolitan area are rare. Tourism of metropolitan area plays an important role on development of economy and society. The research of characteristics and mechanism of tourism spatial evolution of metropolitan area is significant; there are theoretical reference value for understanding and studying the unique path of tourism development of metropolitan area and guidance for promoting the development of metropolitan area (Chapter 1).Metropolitan area of Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Jing-Jin-Ji are most developed in China; they occupy an important position in the development of China and even the world. The tourism development of Pearl River Delta metropolitan area is early, and Pearl River Delta metropolitan area is one of more developed regions of tourism in China. Since the reform and opening-up of China, tourism, especially inbound tourism of Pearl River Delta metropolitan area is developing rapidly and shows obvious advantages in China. Yangtze River Delta metropolitan area is another developed region of inbound tourism, and its domestic tourism has great advantages. Tourism spatial evolution of metropolitan area of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta can reflect trends, characteristics and mechanism of tourism spatial evolution of metropolitan area of China. The case study of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta metropolitan area by using related theories and methods is typical and representative on trends, characteristics and mechanism of tourism spatial evolution of metropolitan area (Chapter 2 and Chapter 3).Analyzing the tendency of spatial unbalanced development of metropolitan area by using related statistical data and existing quantitative analysis methods and models and compared with investigation, it shows that the main tourist cities in metropolitan area of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta accounting for the overall metropolitan area tourism show a downward trend since 2000. Its primacy index is decreasing, and it reflects that the arrivals proportion of the main tourist cities in metropolitan area declining; its herfindal index of tourism income is declining, and it shows the tourism income proportion of the main tourist cities in metropolitan area descending; the tourism income and arrivals average percentage of cities that location quotient is more than or equal to 1 of whole metropolitan area is declining, and it appears that tourism income and arrivals flows from these cities into other cities in metropolitan area. The relative difference of tourism development with the whole metropolitan area also appears a lessened trend. The variation coefficient of tourism income and tourist arrivals of metropolitan area tends to be smaller obviously since 2003, and it explains the relative difference of tourism development with the whole metropolitan area reducing; its regression analysis |q| of rank-size distribution of tourist arrivals is declining roughly, and it reflects that the distribution of metropolitan area tourist arrivals tends to be reasonable; Its Theil index is falling, and it shows that the distribution of metropolitan area tourism income is gradually equilibrium. The decreased proportion of the main tourist cities in metropolitan area and the reduced relative differences of tourism development of whole metropolitan area are reflecting that tourism spatial evolution of metropolitan area is tending to be reasonable and orderly (Chapter 4).The tourism spatial evolution of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta metropolitan area reflects that metropolitan area tourism spatial evolution presents certain phases characteristics. It experiences low level equilibrium, polarization, diffusion and high level equilibrium stage. In recent years, with the continuous development of metropolitan area the tourism spatial connection among cities is enhanced and the core and main cities'promoting effect on other cities is obvious. The tourism spatial evolution of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta metropolitan area appears to be multi-centered, networked, integrated and balanced, and it is significant for tourism constant development of the overall metropolitan area tourism destination (Chapter 5).Tourism development of metropolitan area is supported by development of metropolitan area itself. Tourism spatial evolution of metropolitan area is affected by macroscopic background of tourism development such as globalization, informatization, mega-events and outburst risk event; It is also based on internal facts such as level of economic and social development of metropolitan area and its cities, tourism resources, markets, location and so on. Tourism spatial interaction and tourism spatial agglomeration and diffusion are both important mechanisms of tourism spatial evolution of metropolitan area. With the influence of such facts and tourism spatial effect among cities, tourism spatial evolution is constant and appears to be multi-centered, networked, integrated and balanced. The formation and development of tourism destinations in overall metropolitan area can bring promotion of quality on tourism development of China (Chapter 6).There is diversity on metropolitan area and its tourism development among different metropolitan areas. The study of metropolitan area tourism should research the unique pattern, structure, process, mechanism and model of metropolitan area tourism development using induction and reasoning of different cases in order to provide reference for tourism development of metropolitan area and enrich contents of related disciplines (Chapter 7).