The Study Of Rational And Fair Exchange Protocols Based On Game Theory

With the popularity of the network, the rapid development of information technology and electronic commerce, the study of electronic commerce protocol is in more depth. The exchange protocols are a very important part of the e-commerce protocols. Through the research of modeling and formal analysis of the exchange protocols, we can guide the design and testing protocol of the potential problems. Fair exchange protocol adds the trusted third party or very complex calculation of communication in order to ensure the fairness of the participants in protocol. The rational exchange protocol does not guarantee fairness, but to ensure that any rational participants abide the protocol, and it does not require a trusted third party or with less calculation. This paper firstly makes a systematic overview on the research and development of the formal analysis in exchange protocols, and then takes an introduction to game theory. The main work is the application of game theory, modeling and formal analysis of rational and fair exchange protocol exchange protocol.In these models, a rational exchange protocol or a fair exchange protocol is represented as a set of strategies in a game played by participants. This paper gives formal definitions for various properties of exchange protocols in this model, including rational exchange and fair exchange. Most importantly, rational exchange is defined in terms of a perfect Nash equilibrium of subgame in the protocol extensive game, which is compare with Buttyan's model. Fairness is built on the protocol game with imperfect information and corresponding game tree. Finally, this paper illustrate how the protocol game can be used for rigorous verification of existing rational exchange protocols by Syverson's protocol, and fair exchange protocol by modeling and analyzing of the ASW protocol.