Research On VANET Routing Based On Evolutionary Game Theory

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a special application of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks in road traffic, which can autonomously organize networks without infrastructure. VANET is a type of self-organized, multi-hop and rapid topology changing wireless networks, composed of vehicle nodes and road units. VANET has a great research value and extensive application prospects. In order to improve traffic safety and efficiency, and meet the needs of drivers and passengers, VANET should supply some typical applications, such as safe driving warnings, traffic information query and release, in-car entertainment and other services information inquiries. One of significant research contents is routing problem. Routing design should be base on the characteristics of the specific application scenes. Most existing VANET literatures neglected the selfishness of nodes, and focused on the routing of dense VANET. In fact, nodes are self-interest. Besides that, the routing problem of sparse VANET is also important. Further, the selfishness of nodes is a new challenge to the design of routing. Thus, this paper studied on the routing of sparse VANET with selfish nodes.First, we analyzed and studied the concept, characteristics, applications and typical routing protocols of VANET. Two communication methods, V2V and V2I, meet the communications needs of VANET. However, the performance of network routing protocols is impacted by fast-moving nodes, dynamic exchange of information, changing speed and network density. We also studied on the evolutionary game theory-related contents, because evolutionary game theory is a major method to solve selfishness. The purpose of evolutionary game is to enable players with bounded rationality to select their strategies to achieve steady state of system.Second, On the basis of the characteristics of VANET and selfish nodes, we modeled corresponding network model and multi-community evolutionary game model, and proposed a routing algorithm based on multi-community evolutionary game, or "MCEGR" for short. MCEGR is a two-hop routing, and can determine the strategy of each player depending on the network parameters. When the network parameters meet the existence conditions of ESS, the players play their own ESS to maximizing their own interests and reaching the steady state of network.Finally, according to the characteristics of sparse VANET, we proposed a new mobility model, Simple Vehicle Mobility model, or "SVM" for short. It integrates a traffic control mechanism in city scenarios. After evaluating MCEGR by using SVM, the stimulation results showed the validity and stability of MCEGR.