The Panoramic Image Fusion Of The Inner Wall

Until now, with the development of the type of equipment to obtain images, the methods that people obtain images has been becoming more and more and making the category of image processing also more and more. However, in some specific fields, it also can not provide the all needs of science studies or engineering .Along with these problems come out, a series of theories and methods of image processing are researched, image fusion is one of them. In he fields such as medical, military, earth remote sensing and robot vision, the image fusion is asked to develop fast .So the theories, methods and applications of image fusion develop rapidly, and image fusion has become a very important basic subjects. The main purpose of image fusion is to fusion a new image that has relevant information between each others. There are all information in the new images that is not available in any single image .And the information contained in the new image are integrity and clarity, and can provide reliable basis for decision-making to subsequent computer processing To complete the image fusion, the images must obtain by the same or similar equipment , and there are the elated information between the images.Fusion of the source image is discussed in this article within the tunnel wall image. During projects, to study the inner wall of tunnel, but it is impossible that staff directly to the observation and analysis .So the images of the inner wall of tunnel are taked by the image device imaged , returned , and then researcher make some decisions and some further analysis based on the images. There is currently no imaging equipment that can take all the image of the inner wall of tunnel at once, even if there is, the cost of the equipment is too high and distortion of image will be too serious to make analysis in the next time. So that is a good idea that all the images getted by a common imaging equipment and then researchers create a new completed image of by fusioning all individual images of the inner wall of tunnel. So image fusion is a real problem to this project.These images are getted by the same imaging devices, in a fixed orbit, at a fixed focal length, and uniform brightness and suit for image fusion conditions. Because these images are obtained by panoramic camera, so the image is rendered as a standard round, so there is a serious distortion in the image. So first of all, the source image needs to be corrected, that is called pre-operation. Pre-processing include image enhancement, image correction, enhancement, smoothing, filtering, and so on. By analyzing the source image there are serious offset-axes found in the source image and radial distortion image distortion, and thin lens image distortion.So the first step in fusion is the geometric correction of the source image accordingly. This article describes in detail the theory and corrected for geometric correction method, and combined with simulation of the images of the inner wall of tunnel and derive the mathematical model of the correction of these distortions, ultimately, correcting these distortions, and achieved good results. Providing a lot of good quality source images for the next image fusion.Based on the content of the information and characteristics in the source image and nature of the image itself, and a lot of experiments on these images, the paper finds that based on spatial domain fusion method of images the inner wall of can not provide a good quality image fusion result. So the paper suggests a new method that image fusion is maked by Wavelet transform in HIS color space system. In HIS color space system, the color, the brightness and the saturation are separated from each other, which without the interference of color information in the RGB color system, while reducing the amount of data used by the algorithm. Wavelet transform has excellent properties of multiscale decomposition, and can make the image into any desired resolution, extract image exists in any detail. According to the principle of integration, image fusion are maked in HIS color system and inversed transform to RGB color system. From the results of experiments, this method can be done with the image fusion of the inner wall of tunnel realization, and the fusion of images has a good visual results.