The Oretical And Empirical Research On Marketization Of Public Higher Education In China

Since the1970s, the tide of marketization reform has been sweeping the field of higher education all over the world, which was directly caused by current economic factors in each country, aiming at establish a market mechanism. This kind of marketization reform in higher education has become a global trend. In order to adapt to this global trend, our country's higher education also take some market-oriented reforms. Since1985, a series of reforms has been made in the school system, investment system, macro management system and internal management system of higher education. It has greatly enhanced economic efficiency and promoted the development of our country's higher education by introducing market mechanism, building cost-sharing mechanism and competing mechanism.However, through the empirical research, this article finds that there are many problems in the process of taking marketizaiton in the public higher education, for example:the unfair phenomenon caused by fast growing tuitions; the declination of college's spirit and educating belief; the worse and worse short-horizon phenomenon caused by competing and a series of social problems. Based on the exploration of the root of the above problems, the author gets a lot of finds, for example:the establishment of cost-sharing mechanism in higher education aims at promoting fairness in essence, yet worse and worse unfairness in education roots in the unsound charge system and opaque accounting of education cost; The negative effects of mass culture's entertainment, mediocrity and mechanical reproduction and the college people's self indulgence under the attack of market concept weaken the higher education's spirit of exploring truth and educating belief of improving personality; the marketizaiton's disorder and nature of chasing profit result in "fast food culture" in school, speed the trend of technicalizaiton in education, ignore the teaching and learning in basic subjects and inhibit the institution's interest in the basic research.According to the research on above problems, this paper puts forward several optimal strategies in order to benefit the reform and marketizaiton in our country's higher education, including strengthening the government's responsibility, making sure its fund input to the public higher education is enough and its strict measures on accounting and auditing of the cost of higher education; improving the financial aid system of higher education, increasing student loan, building and perfecting personal credit system, guaranteeing loan recovery and promoting educational fairness; standardizing competing mechanism, exerting the positive influence by the social supervision and students' option, promoting the scientific and ordered competition within the public higher education's internal mechanism; being firm in the educating standpoint and belief and weakening the attack on the college's spirit by market's nature of chasing profit.