The Pedigree Of Underachiever-the Key Factors Of Influence On Education Reform In China

In this paper, with the use of Foucault's genealogical research methods and sociological discourse analysis method, I analyzed the emergence, development and evolution of the concepts of"underachiever"and"inferior students"since the founding of our country. Through these I also study the forces of affecting our education reform , the evolution of these forces at different times and the role they played in the whole education reform.This article is divided into four chapters. In the preface I introduced the origin of this research, research review, research methods, and theoretical significance and practical significance of this research.This paper originated in my research about the genealogy and discourse analysis methods at my graduate period and combined with my personal experience, finally I selected the"underachiever"as the object of my study. First of all, I make a brief summary as the literature review of this paper to present the evolution of " underachiever " at the beginning of the article. And then I give a specific introduction about the genealogy and discourse analysis methods. Finally the theoretical significance and practical significance of this paper are analyzed.The specific evolution of"underachiever"is analyzed from the first chapter to the third chapter in this paper. Firstly, the"underachiever"is an application in education of the theory of"grasping both ends, with the middle" which was proposed by Mao ZeDong. At the beginning, the two concepts are proposed with no discriminatory, and it is just for changing "backward" to "advanced".The emergerce of the discrimination of to shool'students made some people questioned the reasonable of the concept of'inferior students',some teachers and and educational theorists suggested that we should use the concept of"undeachievers"instead of"inferior students". However, the use of " underachiever " instead of " inferior students " seem no use, the inferior students are still discriminated in the school , some teachers and educational theorists then suggested that we replace"inferior students"and"underachiever"with"Students with learning difficulties","potential born"and"Individual students"in order to eliminate the phenomenon of discrimination against inferior students.However, discrimination against inferior students has not been eliminated.The appearance of "50 million inferior students " and "poor choice of education " has sounded the alarm to the education sector and non-education sector. At the same time, a number of outstanding teachers appeared in the school, Zhu Guohong and her theory of "zero inferior students "has enormous influence. Now people begin to consider the correctness of the strategy of "grasping both ends, with the middle". As the appearance of the concept of " inferior students create " and " labeling theory ", the strategy of "grasping both ends, with the middle" and the classification of students are completely overturned.In the fourth chapter, I analyze the forces that affecting the education reform in China and it is also the conclusion of this article. I highlight the composition of the force that affecting the education reform, including teachers, students and their parents, educational theorists, media practitioners, government administration, education industry investors, etc. Finally I draw a conclusion that as the main force of education reform, teachers, students and parents, educational theorists and government departments are on behalf of the three major systems: academic, political and public. And if an education reform want to play an important role in education, it must make them communication and dialogue between the three major systems and let them gradually move toward integration.