| In the sports world, how to extend the athletes'sports life-span is the key factor in improving the training. But the present situation shows that many athletes retire at an early age. Through the methodology of questionnaire and interview, this thesis discusses the reasons of early retirement of the outstanding athletes in Zhejiang province. The results shows:(1) The sports life-span of swimming athletes in our country is relatively short, and the age of retirement is relatively young. (2) Women athletes'age decreases as the swimming distance lengthens, while this kind of characteristics is not reflected in the man athletes'swimming events except for the freestyle event. In the swimming games of the recent two Olympic Games, the average age of women athletes is between twenty-two and twenty-three, while the man athletes twenty-three. It can be concluded that the best age of swimming games is around twenty-three. (3) In our country, swimming athletes enter the sports world at an early age, and at the same time, they retire at an early age. Their sports life-span is relatively short. (4) Twelve to fourteen year old athletes should accept a four to six year of enhancing, and they are seventeen to twenty, while the age of retirement for swimming athletes in Zhejiang province is around twenty. So the situation shows that most of the athletes retire at their best age. What is more, there is a period of training and improving, then retraining and improving. After that, athletes can reach the peak of their sport career. It is quite a pity that athletes in Zhejiang province retire at around twenty. (5) The arrangement of the athletes is a key factor that influences the athletes'training mood and the result of their games. What is more, it influences the sports life-span of the athletes. (6) In today's sports world, many retired athletes can not find their proper position in the society. (7) According to the statistics, the training time of Chinese athletes is two times of that in other countries. This kind of tough training causes the injuries and retirement of the athletes, because the over-fatigue is the main factor of injuries. (8) In the training process, athletes keep the long term of nervous, and the training burden exceeds athletes' acceptance. All these make the athletes be tired of the training.(9)Many athletes feel that only if they are the world champion, they would have a better future. But the fact is, to become the world champion is so difficult that most of the athletes choose to retire at their bottleneck of sports career. (10) In our country, most of the coaches and trainers do not receive formal training, and they can not grasp some of the training principles. While in other countries, coaches should be educated and trained, then serve as coaches. (11) The athletes make little income before they get good sports results. (12) In today's swimming world, the freshmen spring up and bring pressure to the old athletes.Athletes'retirement is lead by many factors comprehensively. This thesis tries to find the key factor of retirement. And some strategies are brought forward, to save athletes from retiring before their training obstacle, and to maximize the training efficiency. |
