Qing Xinjiang Deal Study

The new policy in late Qing Dynasty is the turning point of Chinese traditional society to a moderm society transition in Chinese history, produced far-reaching effect. Wave of reform in the country, the new deal in Xinjiang has been more forcefully practiced. In1884after the establishment of Xinjiang Province, the Qing government adjusted the ruling policies of Xinjiang, which made Xinjiang have a great progress in every area. The centre government had set up house Country to enhance the administrative management. They then started to repair the water conservancy facilities, developed the land settlement, made the refugees settled and set up the bureau of sericulture which promoted the development of the recovery of agriculture and handicraft industry. For education, they set up a lot of free private school that allowed all the children learning culture, promoted the development of education. All this settled the foundation for Xinjiang to carry out the new policy. In1901the Qing government carried out the new deal, when the British, Russian imperialism plundered and permeated in the political, economic, cultural and other aspects of Xinjiang, the crisis of our borderland got more and more serious, the then governor of Xinjiang LianKui and Yili general ChangGen were all open-minded officials among the Manchu officials,they were all positive to the new policy, therefore, when the Qing government issued the edict of reform, the local authorities of Xinjiang responded quickly.In the late Qing dynasty, the main content of the new policy was to set up the new army and practiced the police system; abolished the imperial examination system and set up the new-style schools; screwed up the management and established the Advisory Bureau; set up lots of industries, such as mineral exploitation, communication and so on. They also carried out the ban on opium-smoking and the opium trade. The government in Xinjiang carried out the new deal later than inland provinces, so the effect is inferior to eastern coastal provinces, but on its own terms, their achievement was quite considerable. And we could also see that because the backward economy and culture, tin the process of implementation was limited by the weak economic foundation, financial constraints, lack of talents and some other reasons. And to some extent, it increased the burden on the people.The new policy had effected Xinjiang widely and deeply, it slowly pushing the growth of the productive forces in Xinjiang, to strengthen the defense, training a number of practical talents, brought Xinjiang some fresh air and changed the backwardness in economic and cultural of Xinjiang, opened Xinjiang's modernization process, and made a profound effect on the development of later Xinjiang.