The Cognitive And Semantics Study On Widening And Narrowing Of Common Words Meaning

The research on widening and narrowing of word meaning has a long history. Wang Li, Fu Huaiqing, Su Xinchun and Su Baorong and other linguists have been discussed on this question. Zhang Zhiyi, Zhang Qingyun on《Modern Chinese Dictionary》, Guo Xiliang's《Ancient Chinese》quantitative analysis the 12 type of semantic evolution, the statistical data show that the narrowing of word meaning is more common than the widening of word meaning. This is the most intuitive and rational description about the relationship of widening and narrowing of Chinese word meaning. quantitative analysis on word of representative and in-depth description and interpretation of meaning become a new research direction of the semantic evolution phenomenon.Common words are the core of word vocabulary system, scholars in our country has studied the common words since twenties and thirties in the 20th century. After New China was founded, more detailed and science studies of common words, and we made great achievements. The study of common words got more results in the nineties of 20th century.In recent years, the emerging cognitive point out cognitive psychology can explain the internal mechanism and possibility of common words meaning change. From the subjective view, based on the quantitative study, using the theory of cognitive linguistics, such as category theory, theory of metaphor and metonymy to re-examine the widening and narrowing of word meaning, may be able to provide a new research perspectives and methods on common words meaning study.