On The Form Of Hetuvidyā

The paper describes the various schema of Hetuvidyā, meanwhile, the core issue ofnew Hetuvidyā—Tri-avayava and Ancient China Tri-wu logic are comparatively studied:Firstly, each schema of Hetuvidyā has its own individual characteristics. There aremore argument contents in Ten-ayayava, so it has strong practical value. Though there arerepetitive elements in Pa cāvayava, it has some deductive factors, it is the necessarytheoretical preparation for Tri-avayava of Dignāga. The main schema of new Hetuvidyā isTri-avayava of Dignāga, and then is the Twi-avayava which is amended by Dharmakirtti.Because Tri-avayava is the core of new Hetuvidyā, Tri-avayava is analyzed intensively inthe paper, including analyzing and discussing the various statements of Tri-avayava,indicating the unreasonable points and even finding the correct form of expressingTri-avayava. The affirmative expression of formal implication, the negative expression offormal implication, the modus ponens of hypothetical reasoning concerning sufficientconditions after universal instantiation and the modus tollens of hypothetical reasoningconcerning sufficient conditions after universal instantiation are all included. Twi-avayavaof Dharmakirtti summarizes Drstānta in hetu, so it has strong logicality.Secondly, the paper analyzes the reason of the development from Ten-ayayava toPa cāvayava, and then indicates that it is closely related to the social background of itsdependence. Additionally, through analyzing the conditions of Dignāga changingPa cāvayava to Tri-avayava, and Dharmakirtti changing Tri-avayava to Twi-avayava, thepaper indicates that the un-deductive factors of schema of Hetuvidyā are graduallyreduced, and the deductive factors are gradually increased.Finally, by comparatively studying of Tri-avayava and Tri-wu logic, analyzing themeaning and indicating the common points and differences, these conclusions are reached:Tri-avayava is not as complex as Aristotle's syllogism, but it is more plentiful than Tri-wulogic, and the level of formalization of Tri-avayava is higher than Tri-wu logic.