| "Guo Yu"is the earliest book on history of individual countries in China, recording the histories of princes states, such as Zhou,Lu,Qi,Jin,Zheng,Chu,Wu,Yue, and revealing the contents of social economy,politics,ethics,religion from the last years of the West Zhou to early and middle of spring and autumn period. It has an important value to research the history and culture of the pre-Qin days. The relationship of heaven and man is the heart of traditional culture of China, for the relationship of heaven and man。In Guo Yu, the belief of heaven changes more rational. The three crucial terms, respecting Godliness, cultivating virtues, protecting civilians, form a clear thread, which penetrates heaven, king and people as an organic entirety, becoming the main source of the Confucian school.This paper sorts out and analyzes the much account of early religions in "Guo Yu", focusing on exploring the era relationship between heaven and Man " Guo Yu " reflected, particularly the thinking of Respecting heaven, fearing of God, Respecting and highlighting morality, valuing and protecting people, and understands the religious, political, ethical outlooks in Spring and Autumn period and tries to make the right position of its historical role.This Paper consists of six parts, namely Introduction, first, second, three, four and the conclusion part.The Introduction briefly describes the relationship and role between religious and social civilization, and indicates the theoretical object of studying"Guo Yu", then it briefly introduces "Guo Yu", pointing out the status of religious thought in traditional Chinese culture. Next it introduces the current academic trends and inadequacies of the study for "Guo Yu". Finally it illustrates the main content and basic ideas to set the tone for later expansion..The first chapter introduces the early Witchcraft of three generations, and analyses the monopoly power of God in the period of Five Emperors, the worship of gods and recognition of ritual in times of Xia and Shang, the development of religious thought and rational spiritual awakening of the Western Zhou period, especially the new and more rational interpretation of fatality, and beginning to follow providence.The second Chapter points out the influence of the social background of early and middle of spring and autumn period for patriarchal and ethics system and religious thinking of people . It makes the thought of fatality and heaven laws of "Guo Yu" and "Zuo Zhuan" as proof for each other. It analyzes the changing trends from divine destiny to the rational view of cosmic viewpoints, highlighting the rational spirit and liberation of consciousness characteristics of the times of spring and autumn period."Guo Yu " as material ,The third chapter combines with related literature and materials, and analyses respecting morality and insights on people's heaven, understanding the value and the moral content of spring and autumn period, and pointing out that the value point to be implemented in reality, which regards the moral ideal and institutional arrangements of monarch as main points.Following the idea of the previous section, the forth Chapter analyzes the implement to reality of moral properties in spring and autumn period ,achieving the combination of providence and people, the fundamentality is citizen-orientation, the binding sites are benevolent and moral politic. The king should pass the god and receive people's heart with measures of enriching people and protecting religion to make country firm for ever.The conclusion part summarizes the thrust of the text, and sum up the value and revealing of"Guo Yu", posting complementary of god and people. at last, it points out the nexus of open wire and dark line and system absence of providence and morale. |
