A Preliminary Investigation Into The Huanxian Dialect

HuanXian, as the earliest Chinese farming culture and the birthplace of the Chinese nation is located in eastern Gansu, northwest of Qingyang City, Ningxia provinces and Shanxi province at the junction, which also is a Chinese revolutionary site. HuanXian's total land area is 9236 square kilometers; also own a total population of 35 million people. Jurisdiction over 20 townships (HuanchengZhen, TianshuiZhen, QuziZhen, MuboZhen, NanqiuXiang, XiaonangouXiang, ChedaoXiang, MaojingXiang, LuwanXiang, HudongXiang, HongdeXiang, QintuanzhuangXiang, GengwanXiang, ShanchengXiang, FanjiachuanXiang, BazhuXiang, TianchiXiang, YanwuXiang, HedaoXiang), a Tourism Development Office (Sihe Flatland), 250 administrative villages.HuanXian dialect is classified to be Qinlong part of Zhongyuan Mandarin dialect films. Because of its history and geography features, HuanXian dialect has some distinguishing features in pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, etc.Because the different locales around the county, there are significant differences in accent, dividing into five accents: Huancheng tone, Tianshui tone, Maojing tone, Quzi tone and Yanwu tone. The vocabulary and grammar is almost same. Beacause Huancheng is the center of HuanXian, which tone can represent for the accent of HuanXian, so the paper use Huancheng tone as the criterion.On the view of phonetics, HuanXian dialect is relatively simple. the paper analyzes the characteristics and discipline of initials, finals and pitch, then make the HuanXian dialect's Homonyms according the rule of combination between initials and finals, what's more, we analyze its sound change laws. Finally, the paper compare HuanXian dialect with Beijing tone from synchronic view and with middle ancient sounds from diachronic view.On the view of lexicology, HuanXian dialect is rich in dialect vocabulary, daily usage lively and distinct features. The paper analyze the general characteristics of HuanXian dialect words, and then list commonly used dialect words.On the view of grammar, the paper analyzed the morphology of HuanXian dialect, then depicts the Central County Pronouns, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, Particle content words and function words. Syntax part firstly analyze the adverbial and supplement phrases ,then mainly describe and analyze the"把"sentence, passive sentences, comparative sentences, question sentences ,given sentences and four special complex sentences.In this paper, all the materials come from the field survey, and we apply the theory of descriptive linguistics and historical linguistics, by doing so, we specifically describe and analyze the HuanXian dialect's pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar. The paper aims at providing the academic community and the local culture first-hand information, and also promoting the local's promotional work in depth.