Study On The Grammar Of Ji’an Aocheng Dialect

Ji ’an is located in the central part of Jiangxi Province and the dialect spoken belongs to Gan dialect.Compared with the other six dialects of Chinese,Gan dialect has the closest relationship with Hakka dialect,which is also called Hakgan dialect.From the perspective of geographical position,Aocheng is in the transition zone of the Hakka dialect.Both in morphology and syntax,it has been more or less influenced by Hakka dialect,which has formed some distinctive grammatical phenomena.Based on the methods of field investigation,literature,comparison and introspection,this paper focuses on the three aspects of content words(noun,verb,adjective,quantifier,pronoun),function words(adverb,auxiliary word,preposition,conjunctive word,modal word)and sentences(treatment sentence,passive sentence,double object sentence,comparative sentence,interrogative sentence and other special sentence patterns).This paper systematically describes the phenomenon of discourse law in Gianao City.And selectively compared it with other dialects of Ji ’an and the grammatical phenomena of Putonghua in order to supplement the grammatical research data of Ji ’an dialect and Gan dialect.It is found that the main characteristics of Aocheng discourse method are:(1)large number of noun suffixes.The more common suffixes are li(哩),zi(子),zai(仔),gong(公),gu(牯),Po(婆).(2)Some words still retain the color of ancient language.As in time words: yesterday,when,Every day.(3)There is also a combination order of "V qu(去)" for the group of compound trend verbs.(4)“BA”adjectives can also be modified by degree adverbs.(5)Function words such as prepositions,auxiliary words and modal words are more complex,and the same word often has double or multiple identities.For example,the function word "de(得)" can lead to both place and object;The preposition "ba(把)" is both a disposal mark and a passive mark.(6)Different words in the same part of speech can also be used together,such as the combination of the tenses "wu(物),li(哩)and diao(吊)".(7)A few sentence patterns are different from that of Mandarin in terms of structure or word order,such as "V de(得)+N+ possible complement".In addition,there are some special constructions in Aocheng dialect.Such as "V+ mo(麽)+NP,V+ mo(麽)+VP,lai(来)NP/VP lai(来),qu(去)NP/VP qu(去)".The main reasons for these characteristics are as follows: Aocheng is located in the special geographical position of the transition zone,which is influenced by Hakka dialect or other dialects.In addition,Ji ’an covers a wide area,and counties are far apart from each other.Some areas,such as Aocheng,are remote and isolated,and still retain a large number of ancient words or form some special grammatical phenomena.The shortcomings of this paper: the selection of dialect points and grammatical phenomena is limited,and the conclusion is not comprehensive enough;The thesis mainly describes the grammar phenomenon of Aocheng from the synchronic level,but the diachronic level is not deep enough.