| In this paper, The Water Margin in the amount of uncontrollable verbs were statistical,we focus on the description of the phenomenon use of synchronic research,we also through comparing to analyze etymology of some special uncontrollable verbs and differences with modern Chinese uncontrollable verb from diachronic angle.Through making the overall research for uncontrollable verbs of The Water Margin, the article classifies and sums up uncontrollable verbs.From the perspective of syllables, uncontrollable verbs of The Water Margin can be divided into mono-syllable verb, bisyllable verb, and three-syllable verb.Three-syllable uncontrollable verb reflects specificity of early mandarin Chinese and the change of mono-syllable verb into bisyllable verb.This paper also investigated the features of uncontrollable verbs of The Water Margin include voice, internal structure, Semantic, pragmatic. A small percentage of uncontrollable verbs can be distinguished from voice, which may be the trace of internal winding within old Chinese.The internal structure of uncontrollable verbs can be formed in parallel, complement, hybrid, dominate and decorate with five kinds of semantic. Uncontrollable verbs have [-controllable] and [-imperative] the common semantic features, semantics of the uncontrollable verbs can point to the agent subject, non-agent subject, patient object, subjective-objec, as well as one-way, bi-directional, multi-point of difference to the semantic point.As predicate is the most important function of uncontrollable verbs, it can also act as adverbial, object and complement. Uncontrollable verbs of The Water Margin may be divided into monovalent verbs,bivalent verbs and trivalent verbs, and they are used in sentence patterns respectively. Monovalent verbs have all sentence models and sentence patterns as same as modern Chinese, but bivalent verbs and trivalent verbs have limited capacity, especially trivalent verbs,obviously showing characteristics of old Chinese grammar. |
