The Analysis On Health Behaviors And Healthy Status Between The Urban And Rural Women During The Puerperium In Shandong Province

Objective To known the present conditions of the urban and rural women's puerperal living and hygienic habits, the health and the pregnant and prenatal care, study scientific puerperal behaviors to modern women.Methods 2448 women whose child was born within one year were selected as the subjects of the study by random sampling. We chose three districts of Qingdao and twelve villages and towns of Shenxian as our study sites. Questionnaires were used in this investigation. The achieved sample size was 2342 (1200 in Qingdao,1142 in Shenxian).Results There are many unreasonable behaviors in puerperium.2.6% of the women in rural group never get out of bed in puerperium, which is higher than 1.5% in the city group(p<0.05); the average time of rural group get out of bed is 2.59 hours, which is less than 3.35 hours of the city group(p<0.05); the rural group pay more attention to keep warm than the city group(p<0.05); the incidence rate of no bathe, no shampoo, no bathing feet in rural group were higher than that in the city group, the rates are 52.0%,49.9%,26.6% and 41.3%,33.0%,6.7%; and the incidence rate of no healing physical exercises, not doing housework in the rural group were lower than that in the city group, the rates are 70.2%,26.4% and 76.9%,52.4%(p<0.05); the rate of who think that dropped in and go for a blow are behavior taboos in puerperium in rural group were higher than that in the city; and the rate of baking in the sun, bathe, touch cool water and get out of bed were lower than that in the city(p<0.05). The healthy status of women during the puerperium:lochia delay(>2w)(77.9%), the rural group(69.4%),the city group(85.6%);the rate of anemia,constipation, anal fissure, breast swelling, cold, puerperal depression, leg cramp, back pain, dizziness, headache, angular stomatitis, glossitis,and bleeding gums in rural group were higher than that in the city(p<0.05); the rate of bad uterine involution in rural group is 11.6%,in the city group is 3.4%. the condition of pregnant and prenatal care:the rate of the antenatal examination of the rural group and the city group are all 99.6%, the rate of the postpartum visit in rural group is 83.3%, the city group is 74.3%;the rural group have 2.10±2.19 health care class and the city group is 1.02±2.52; there are only 28.8% women of the rural group went hospital to check their health at postpartum, and the city group is 64.1%; 60.3%of the women in rural group have accepted nutrition guidance, and the rate in the city group is 51.6%; the women lacked the knowledge about postpartum nutrition and health.Conclusion The incidence rate of unreasonable behaviors of rural women differs from the urban women's, but they are all very high, we must pay enough attention to that. There are also many healthy problems in the puerperium. The services of pregnant and prenatal care is incomplete, we advise set complete the service of pregnant and prenatal, strengthen the health education of the women in puerperium, particularly the women in rural area,to do our utmost to protect the health of the women and their child.