Protein Expressions Of EGFR,K-ras,P53 And Ki-67 In Colorectal Cancer, Gastric Cancer And Esophageal Cancer

Background and Objective:Colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer are the common gastrointestinal tumors. The current treatments for cancer such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy are most common treatment in clinical. But they kill normal cells of the body while kill cancer cells, and they have significant side effect on patients.In recent years, with the development of molecular biology, targeted therapy which specificity and the less of side effect has become the new breakthrough in cancer treatment. The carcinogenesis is a complex process, which refers to the activation of oncogene, the inhibition of anti-oncogene, the disturbance in the regulation of proliferation and the signal transduction pathway out of control and so on. Genes of EGFR, K-ras, P53 and Ki-67 play an important role in the tumor's carcinogenesis. Immunohistochemistry be used to test the protein expressions of EGFR,K-ras,P53,Ki-67 in colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. By analyzing the protein expressions of EGFR,K-ras,P53,Ki-67 in colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters,this project aimed to investigate the role of these four genes in the three gastrointestinal cancer. By analyzing the differents of carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer, this project intends to provide reference for the choice of gene therapy.Methods:Surgically resected and pathologically confirmed 110 cases of colorectal cancer,73 cases of gastric cancer and 21cases of esophageal cancer were collected. All clinical data such as patiens'gender,age,tumor location,histological type and pathological stage were recorded. None of these patients received either radiocherapy or chemocherapy before the surgery. To detect the experession of EGFR,K-ras,P53 and Ki-67 in colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. All the results were statistically analyzed with SPSS11.5 software package.Results:1. The positive rate of EGFR protein expression in gastric cancer group was obviously higher than colorectal cancer group (P<0.05);The positive rate of K-ras protein expression in esophageal cancer group and gastic cancer group was obviously higher than colorectal cancer group (P<0.05);The positive rate of P53 protein expressions had no significant difference among the colorectal cancer, gastric cancer and esophageal cancer (P>0.05);The positive rate of Ki-67 protein expression in gastric cancer group was obviously higher than colorectal cancer group and esophageal cancer group (P<0.05).2. In colorectal cancer,the positive rate of P53 protein expression in not reached the serosal layer group was lower than penetrated subserous layer group (P<0.05);The positive rate of Ki-67 protein expression in not reached the serosal layer group was lower than penetrated subserous layer group (P<0.05).In gastric cancer,the positive rate of EGFR protein expression in well-moderate differentiation group was lower than poor differentiation group(P<0.05);The positive rate of K-ras protein expression in not reached the serosal layer group was lower than penetrated subserous layer group (P<0.05),and it in without lymph node metastasis group was lower than with lymph node metastasis group(P<0.05);The positive rate of P53 protein expression in well-moderate differentiation group was lower than poor differentiation group(P<0.05).In esophageal cancer,the positive expressions rate of EGFR,K-rsa,P53 and Ki-67 have no obvious relationship with patiens'gender,age,tumour location,differention degree,depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis (P>0.05).3. In colorectal cancer,P53 protein expression was positively correlated with Ki-67 protein expression(r=0.86, P<0.05).4. All patients were divided into 16 groups according to the protein expressions of the EGFR,K-ras,P53 and Ki-67 in colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. We found that the protein expression spectrums of EGFR,K-ras,P53 and Ki-67 in these three carcinomas are various.Conclusions: 1. The EGFR,K-ras,P53 and Ki-67 protein all have expressions more or less in colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer group. 2. EGFR and Ki-67 protein expressions in gastric cancer were highest,which indicates that maybe they are more close in carcinogenesis of gastric cancer;K-ras protein expression in esophageal cancer are highest,which indicates that maybe they are more close in carcinogenesis of esophageal cancer;P53 protein expression in colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer have no significant difference,suggest that P53 play an important role in all digestive carcinoma.3. In gastric cancer,the protein expressions of EGFR,P53 have negative correlation to cell differentiation,and the protein expression of K-ras has positive correlation to depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis;In colorectal cancer,the protein expressions of P53 and Ki-67 have positive correlation to depth of invasion.4. P53 and Ki-67 protein expressions have a close relationship in colorectal cancer. It suggests that they may cooperate with each other in carcinogenesis.5. The protein expression spectrums of EGFR,K-ras,P53 and Ki-67 in these three carcinomas are various. It indicates that carcinomas located in different parts of digestive tract may have the same carcinogenesis,and the same carcinoma may have the different carcinogenesis.