| 1. Objectives:Hospital infection not only is a measure of an important part of the medical quality, but to control the hospital infection is the important link of to improve the quality of medical care, and is the guarantee of new technology and new hospital medical treatment at the same time. Through the data of Dalian City Hospital nosocomial infection survey 2010, this research aimed at understanding the nosocomial infection's present situation of general hospital in Dalian district, grasping the characteristics and development trends and analyzing of the deep reason for hospital management, to further improve the prevention of hospital infection and provide the basis for control, thereby reducing the occurrence of hospital infection, avoiding the prevalence of nosocomial infections, further improving the quality of medical treatment and ensure medical safety.2. Methods:Through using the retrospective investigation method, access to the medical records'fist page of discharged patients one by one, and fill out the unified hospital infection from table, records of inpatients of general situation and related factors of hospital infection.The main content includes the analysis of inpatients in general ( gender, age, occupation, marital status, length of hospital stay, prognosis and so on) and nosocomial infection ( whether the incidence of nosocomial infection, type of infection, site of infection, nosocomial infection's distribution of departments, outcome, etc.).Use SAS9.1 software to analysis data statistically. Measurement data with M±Q to describe, the hypothesis test using t test, count data with constitution ration to describe ,the hypothesis test usingχ2 test or Fisher's test.α= 0.05 is the test level.3. Results:3.1 From January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010 there were collected 33107 cases. 365 cases have fall in hospital infection. The infection rate was 1.10%. Hospital infection rate of female patients was 1.33% and hospital infection rate of male patients was 0.83%, the difference has statistical significance. The minimum age was 1 years, the maximum age was 103 years, and the infection rate of elderly group (75 ~ ) is 1.53% ,which is higher than any other groups. The lowest rate is 0.29%, which is in the children group (≤14) .3.2 On the aspect of the length of hospital, the infection rate of hospital for one week ( < 8 days) case is 0.23%, infection rate of hospitalized for more than a month ( 31 days - ) case was highest ( 2.45%). The infection rate in winter(from January to March) and autumn (from July to September) are higher than other two seasons.3.3 On the distribution of departments, oncology hospital infection rate was 2.12%; the highest, followed by the department of internal medicine, whose hospital infection rate was 1.64%. Infection rate of oral rehabilitation, ophthalmology, pediatrics was the lowest. The infection rate of ICU (5%), endocrine (2.87% ) and Cardiology (2.35%) are the first three departments in the internal medicine departments. Department of respiratory medicine, Gastroenterology, neurological infection rate is at a low level. Surgical departments is the highest infection rate ( 1.37%) one in ICU sections. Other departments'hospital infection rate is at a low level relatively.3.4 On the aspect of underlying disease, the largest proportion of underlying disease is the diseases of circulatory system, followed by endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, tumor etc.. Until the end of the survey at the end of death in patients with hospital infection rate was up to 4.15%, in most patients the infection rate of 0.22% is the lowest.3.5 In constitute of patients with Nosocomial Infections Antibiotics, patients combined with antibiotics accounted for 29.04%, not by combined application accounted for 70.96%. There are only 38 cases for pathogen detection in the study of 365 cases of nosocomial infections, most of them are opportunistic bacteria.4. Conclusion4.1 This study shows that the general hospital's hospital infection rate was 1.10% in the year 2010. Under the Chinese Ministry of health" hospital infection management standard" provides 50 beds above the incidence rate of hospital infection should be < 10% requirements. Female hospital infection rate is higher than male; hospital infection rates increased with advancing age. In marital status, type of occupation, hospital infection rate showed no significant difference.4.2 With the increase in the number of hospital days and times, the chance of falling in hospital infection increased, which tips the number of hospital day and times is related to hospital infection. Hospital infection rate is higher in the distribution of 1 ~ March and 7 ~ September, the occurrence of hospital infection may be associated with seasonal.4.3 Infection rate of non-operation patients is higher than the operation. Nosocomial infection rate of patients whose operation incision healed poorly is at a high level. In the type of anesthesia and the type of incision is not found statistically significant difference in all types of hospital infection.4.4 The main distribution department of hospital is oncology, followed by internal medicine. Medical department's infection rate is higher than surgical. The highest infection rate of department is ICU in medical and surgical departments. Nosocomial infection occurred mainly in the lower respiratory tract, followed by upper respiratory tract, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, skin and soft tissue with the lowest leve;.4.5 On the aspect of disease outcome, nosocomial infection rate of death patients is the highest, which tips nosocomial infections are a leading cause of in-hospital mortality rate increased risk factors. |
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