| Background: Operations after severe would, medullitis and bone tumor always result in large-area bone defect. The clinical treatment for this condition mainly relies on embedding biological material that could make up the defect and promote new bone formation. However, the selection of proper repair material remains unresolved. Usually, there are three kinds of these biological materials according to its source, including autogenous bone, heterogenous bone and artificial bone. Autogenous bone transplantation has been considered as a gold standard for large-area bone defect, but its application was limited by finite resource. Therefore, with rapid progression in biological material technology, more and more clinicians and researchers take their focus on artificial bone utilization.Objective: To study the bone formation and biocompatiable of the complex particles which composed by cerium dioxide and bioglass implant into rabbit femoral defect after 2 weeks and 4 weeks, to observe the anti-inflammatory ability of the complex particles and compare with normal bioglass particles, and to observe whether the bone formation are affected or not. Materials:1. Single bioglass particles. 2. Complex particles that composed by cerium and bioglass.Methods:Six Newzealand albino rabbits weighing 2.5– 3.0 kg were collected and anesthetized for creating cylindrical, run-through wound in each animal'left and right femoral condyle. The two materials were implanted into the defects in rabbit distal femur. The specimens were collected after 2 weeks and 4 weeks, fixed in 10% formalin, dehydrated, hard tissue embedded in methyl methacrylate, sectioned to approximately 200-300 ?m, and ground to a final thickness of less than 30?m using an EXACT sample cutting and grinding system, and done histological analysis and Van-Gieson staining. In the mean time, we observed the inflammatory response resulted from these two materials, and calculated the bone-to-defect area ratio and the graft-to-defect area ratio.Results:There was no inflammatory response and other adverse response be found out in the defects that fill with different materials. After two weeks the new bone could be detected. Considering the bone formation rate of the complex compared with single bioglass particles, there was no statistically significant differences between them (P = 0.61, P > 0.05). In the fourth week after operation, the increased growth of the new bone had statistically significant differences (complex particles group P = 0.024, P < 0.05; normal bioglass group P = 0.005, P <0.05). The bone formation rate of the complex compared with single bioglass particles, wais not statistically significant differences either (P = 0.62, P > 0.05). At last, we found that there was no significant change of the graft-to-defect area ratio in the two weeks group and four weeks group (P > 0.05)Conclusion:Bioglass particles can promote new bone formation in two weeks after operation. The new bone was dominantly located in the borderline areas between the surrounding bone and embedded material, then, grew towards the middle axis of the defect area. After four weeks, the formation of new bones can be seen in the central part of the bio-material. The complex particles had anti-inflammatory properties and its ability for bone formation was not statistically different from single bioglass particles. So, in addition to its good biocompatibility, complex particles that composed by cerium and bioglass could be used as a novel material for tissue engineering such as large-area bone defect. |
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