Experimental Research To Repair Bone Defect Respectively With Funicular Collagen Bioglass And The Granular One

Background:In our society,traffic accidents and the war can lead to the impairment andabsence of bone.And with the development of medical science and technology,surgeonscan treat many kinds of bone diseases by bone lesion.However,this kind of treatment is atthe expense of losing of bone tissue,and can contribute to the so-called―initiative bonedefect‖.Due to some reasons,autogenous bone and allograft bone are restricted inrepairment of bone defect.At present,scientists are mainly focused on the research anddevelopment of artificial bone graft materials.There have been a lot of kinds of artificialbone graft materials,their ability to repair bone defect is limited,and the result of treatmentof bone defect doesn‘t meet our expectation.So,to search for new kinds of bone transplantmaterials is still a important thing.Objective:1) Establishing a model of rabbit femoral condyle defect and improving it.(2)Designing and manufacturing two kinds of new materials including collagen andbioactive glass.Their morphology in3D is different. One is funicular collagen bioglassand anther is granular collagen bioglass.(A. NovaBone (DEVRO) Collagen BioactiveGlass Strips、B. NovaBone (DEVRO) Collagen Bioactive Glass Morsels）.(3)Compared with the control group (C. Orthovita Vitoss Foam Pack), to observe and evaluate thebiocompatibility of the two kinds of new materials, osteogenesis effect and degradationperformance.(4) Studying the difference of two kinds of new materials for theirdegradation performance and osteogenesis effect.(5) Summarizing laws of two kindsof new material at degradation and osteogenesis.Methods: Using acetic acid and other reagents,we can extract highly pure type I collagenfrom fresh cow leather. And we can use the chemicals(Na2O, CaO, SiO2, P2O5) tomannufacture45s5bioglass particles for32-2500μm diameter size. The collagen andbioglass can be mixed in1.5:8.5,then they will be manufactured funicular or mixedgranular bone graft materials.18healthy adult New Zealand white rabbit were extractedbone marrow in the proximal tibia, and established lacunar bone defect model in bilateralfemoral condyle. According to different materials, defect parts were randomly divided intothree groups (A, B, C), and there were6rabbits (that is12samples) in eachgroup.Specimens were collected at6and12weeks after operation to evaluate theosteogenic and biodegradation properties through post-surgical appearance, grossobservation, X-ray radiograph and histological examination..Results: Material leakage and inflammatory reaction were not found in all rabbit fromobservation of specimens.6weeks and12weeks postoperatively, the Lane-Sandhu X-rayscores of group A and group B was higher than group C (p <0.01). And group A scoresgreater than group B (P <0.01).12w group compared with the6w group, score of threegroup were increased (P <0.01). Micro-CT scanning results showed that at the6and12week postoperatively, in group A new bone volume of bone defect area were greater thanthat of B group and C group (P <0.05) and group B is higher than group C (P <0.01); Ingroup A the remaining materials,volume of bone defect area is less than that of B groupand C group (P <0.01), while group B is lower than C group (P <0.05). compared withthe6week, at the12week after surgery three groups,new bone tissue was significantlyincreased (P <0.01), while the remaining material quantity further is reduced (P <0.05).The quantitative analysis of tissue section: after6weeks and12weeks, in groups Aand B, the amount of new bone in bone defect is more than group C (P<0.01), and in group A, the amount of new bone in bone defect is more than group B（P<0.01）.Meanwhile, in groupsAand B,the amount of residual graft materials is lessthan group C (P<0.01), and in group A, the amount of residual graft materials in bonedefect is less than group B（P<0.01）. Compared with group6weeks, the bone formation ofall the three materials increased significantly in group12weeks (p<0.01),and the amountof residual graft materials in all the three materials decreased in group12weeks (p<0.01).Conclusions: Compared with other two materials, NovaBone Collagen Bioactive GlassStrips not only has good biodegradability but also has good osteogenesis property. Goodbiological compatibility makes it have good application prospect.