The Longitudinal Analysis Of The Features And The Risk Factors Of Pregnant Women Mental State

Objective: More and more people believe that the beginning of mental health is prenatal period. Therefore, to explore the characteristic of mental health of pregnant women became more urgent. Through the entire process of maternal psychological changes and the factors of society - Culture– Family impacting on pregnant women's mental state change were ovserved and analyzed. This study provides experimental data and theoretical basis for implementing a plan for clinical counseling and individual psychological interventions.Methods: 90-item Symptom Check List, Esynck personality questionnaire and clinical structured interviews were administrated to examine subjects'mental state and the family, social and cultural influencing factors. Spearman correlation methods, Kruskal-Wallis Test and non-conditional Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the features and regularities of the pregnant women's mental state.Results:①T here was negative correlation between SCL-90 scores and age for women in the second trimester; the Mental Health Condition of the pregnant women were significantly lower in group with age of 26-30 years, 31-35 year than that of the age of 20-25 and 36-41 years(all P<0.05). The scores of the anxiety, schizophrenia factor of the SCL-90 were significantly negative-correlated with culture level of pregnant women. The mean rank of SCL-90 scores order the following trends: Postgraduates Group <College group <high school group <Junior Middle School group.②The N factor, E factor and P factor of EPQ were significantly positive-correlated with total mean scores of SCL-90. the scores of SCL-90 between the higher group and the lower group had significant difference. Moreover, there were the significant difference on E factor and P factor among the different culture level groups. The cores of SCL-90 were significant in Total score, somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic and psychotic symptoms factors between different Gestation groups(p<0.05, respectively). Women in the first trimester had high scores in somatization and interpersonal sensitivity factors. Women in the second trimester had high scores in Total score, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic and psychotic symptoms factors. Women in the third trimester and postpartum had low scores (p<0.05, respectively). Through Multivariate logistic regression analysis, results showed that Maternal age(OR=0.929, p<0.05), educational level of pregnant women (OR=0.780, p<0.05), current physical feelings(OR=1.260, p<0.05), work and study impacted (OR=1.208, p<0.05), fearing of fetal malformations(OR=1.259, p<0.05) entered logistic regression equation.Conclusion:①The positive rate of negative emotion in the second trimester women is high. The low-educated women are more likely to suffer from anxiety, psychotic symptoms.②E PQ could be used to predict the emotional state of women in the perinatal period, the higher culture levels of pregnant women are, the more likely outgoing was and the lower psychoticism value have been.③Pregnant women have a certain level of mental state changes and experienced a lot of negative emotional during different periods of their gestation. Besides, the family, social and cultural factors have different influences on pregnant women's mental state changes.