Research On Technology Of Bio-fermentation Pig In Southern China

In this thesis, the most important issue in pig breeding-the problem of environmental pollution -was addressed. With the support of Animal Husbandry and Fishery Bureau in Xiangtan City, the author makes a research on the technology of adopting fermentation bed in pig breeding in southern China.Traditionally, people use concrete ground for pig breeding, which have been turning the pig farms into an immense source of pollution. Without sufficient environmental control measures, a large amount of manure wastes have been directly discharged to receiving waters, making the latter black and smelly, which in turn caused the damage of water resources and the severe pollution around the pig farms.The existing environment-friendly pig-raising models include:biogas technology, technology of producing organic fertilizer from manure, methods of combining planting with breeding and fermentation bed technology. All the technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages. For the biogas technology, although the collected feces and urine can be used to produce methane gas for energy and water for irrigation, it has the problem of low pressure in the winter, not capable of removing NH3-N, TP and a large initial investment. The technology of producing organic fertilizer from manure can produce organic fertilizer that can be used directly, but the process consumes a lot of energy, space while producing fertilizer with poor fertility. With the method of combing planting and breeding adopted, the wastes of the pigs are used for irrigation after processing; however, high requirements for space set a limit on the scale of farming. When the fermentation bed technology is utilized, pig manure will break down under the effect of microbe, so that the manure will not be discharged out to the water, water and materials will be save, natural habits of pigs will be restored and the pork quality will be improved. This is a model worth promoting, but the technology also has the problem that there are both reviews for and against this relatively new technology while the voice questioning it grows stronger in the hot and humid climate of summer. Therefore, it is worthwhile for us to make detailed and in-depth research on whether this technology can achieve good breeding results and economic.The high temperature and high humidity in summer in Southern China adversely affect the growth of pigs. In this paper, the author focuses on the effects of both fermentation bed pigpens and pigpens with traditional concrete floor bring to the fattening performance, carcass quality and pork quality in pig breeding. The author also compares the incidence and death situations under the two aforementioned conditions, analyzes statistically the common microbial additives used in fermentation bed and researches on how to cool down the fermentation bed pigpens in the summer of Southern China.Research results show that:firstly, in the hot and humid summer in Southern China, the use of fermentation bed improves the fattening performance and carcass quality of pigs without negative impact on pork quality:secondly, the use of fermentation bed increases the volume of crude fat and arginine in the muscle and drastically decreases the copper residue in the liver; thirdly, this technology reduces the incidence and mortality rates, but increases the incidence of respiratory diseases; fourthly, using negative pressure ventilation and curtain cooling system in fermentation bed can really improve feeding efficiency with no adverse effects on carcass quality and pork quality; finally, there is little difference among those microbial preparations sold in different cities in the total bacteria counts and bacillus is the most prevailing bacteria colony in the fermentation bed.To conclude, using fermentation bed to breed pigs is a new, pollution free, emission free, odor free and environment-friendly technology. After a series of experiments, the technology is proved to efficiently solve the pollution problem brought by pig raising, improve the pork quality, enhance the production efficiency, save the cost, improve the labor productivity, promote growth, improve finishing performance, reduce morbidity and mortality, reduce fixed assets investment and help farmers increase income. It is highly feasible to promote fermentation bed technology in Southern China.