Study On Technique Modes Of Soil Degradation Management In Cropland Of Harbin

Soil is unreplaceable and it's nonrenewable resources as the basis of human being's living.1/5 worlds population was feeded on the less than the 9% farmland of the whole world, so soil in China has been taken the responsibility to guarantee the food safety of the growing population.Soil degradation is becoming increasingly serious problem of global agriculture and environmental healthy, which is threathening human being's existence and development and has caused wide public concern.In recent years soil degradation in Haerbin has been a serious phenomenon because of some natureal reasons and unresonable human activities. The main problems existed are such as unbalanced nutrient application, worse physical and chemical characteristcs (increase in bulk density and harmful material, less pore, worse structure, derease in the content of SOM), which led to the hardened soil, worse tilth, decrease in soil fertility and in ability against drought and flood, worse ecological environment and finally to the decrese in crop yield and frenquently natural diseasters. At present, the area of farmland in Haerbin is 25,660,000 Mu (Eight Distrcits and Eleven Counties),80% of which is dry land, account for 17% areas of whole province. The areas of regression farmland is accounted for 65% of the total tillage area, the types of which is including drought-, barren-, water absent-, water logged-, water and soil loss on slope-, alkine and sandy types. The degradation soil decreased food production, which is also the potential resource of grain increasing. It will improve the grain production significantly with the proper measurements on the degradation soils, which will bring 480 million kg food and bean per year. The target of realizing agricultural sustantainble development and stable increasing of productivity has been reached, which is taken the effect of food security.On the basis of field investigation and laboratory analysis, the key technology against farmland soil regression in Haerbin has been developed through studies on soil regression and its fertility characteristics and by tipical soil sampling and its analysis. The content of experiments is including: Researches on 1. soil organic fertilization technology; 2. balance fertilization technology; 3. conservation tillage and mechanized soil amelioration technology.Experiments of 2 years showed that:soil characteristcs have been improved, the bulk densities in 2010 have been decreased from 0.02 to 0.16 g/cm3 than those in 2009.The trend of decreasing in flat land is higher that that in slope land. Field capacities have been in different degree. All the results clarified that the measures taken make the structures and soil physical and chemcal characteristics better. Soil organic matter has been significantly increased by 1.7g/kg to 5.4g/kg. In demonstrated areas results showed that the organic matter increased 8.1g/kg in flat land and 9.6g/kg in slope land separately.