The Effects Of The Ecological Condition On Metabolism And Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco In Henan Different Districts

The field experiment was conducted at shiqiao country of Baofeng county and wagang country county of Queshan of henan province in 2009,that studied the effects of ecological condition on Agronomical Traits,metabolism enzyme activity,chemical composition and aromatic constituents of flue-cured tobacco. The main results showed that:1. Effects of the different ecological condition on Agronomical Traits of flue-cured tobaccoThe internode length of Baofeng tobacco leaves grow slowly during maturity, the plant height more lower; the change of girth of stem was more less, the length and width of the Baofeng eighteen leaves increase quickly after topping, the length-width ratio of tobacco leaves decreased at the same time.The internode length of Baofeng tobacco leaves grow quickly ,the plant height was more high relatively, the girth of stem grow fast than Baofeng,the extent of both length and width of the Queshan eighteen leaves increase more less and steady than Baofeng, but the length-width ratio of tobacco leaves rise. The length-width ratio of both Baofeng and Queshan waist leaves decreased.2. Effects of the different ecological condition on carbon metabolismThe change tends of the activities of SPS,SS and INV are similar in the process of sucrose accumulation , Baofeng is obviously higher than Queshan for the activity of SPS and SS in metaphase of tobacco growth, the activity of SS is similar, but the sucrose content of Queshan is remarkably higher than that of Baofeng, all the analysis from above show Carbohydrate Metabolism of Baofeng tobacco leaves was significantly higher than that of Queshan.3. Effects of the different ecological condition on nitrogen metabolism of flue-cured tobaccoThe content of total nitrogen,protein and nicotine of Baofeng tobacco leaves always was more high than Queshan, but the difference of nitrogen metabolism key enzyme was not distinct,the activity of NR and GDH in Baofeng was high than Queshan. The isoenzyme gene of GS appear downtrend following the growth of leaves. the gene expression of GDHαof Baofeng tobacco leaves reach maximum value at 87th day after transplant, but the enzyme activity reach maximum value at 98th day after transplant; The gene expression of GDHαof Queshan tobacco leaves persistently rise, and reached maximum value at 98th day after transplant, enzyme activity of GDH also reached maximum value at the same time.4. Effects of the different ecological condition on secondary metabolism of flue-cured tobacco The gene expression of DXR of both Baofeng and Queshan tobacco leaves present unimodal curve,the maximum value appear at the same day, that of Baofeng was obviously higher than Queshan. The gene expression of HMGR of Queshan tobacco leaves always decreased, of HMGR of Baofeng present unimodal curve,and the maximum value emerge at the 87th day after transplant, moreover, the gene expression of Queshan was higher than Baofeng. The enzyme activity of PAL of both Queshan and Baofeng present monotone decreasing trend, that of Baofeng is higher than Queshan from the 56th day to 66th day after transplant, however, Queshan is higher from the 66th day to 98th day. polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity present unimodal curve along with the maturity of tobacco leaves,PPO activity of Queshan was higher than that of Baofeng from the 56th day to 78th day after transplant, PPO activity of Baofeng was higher at 87th day, and the PPO activity of both Queshan and Baofeng was similar. The activity of Tryptophan decarboxylase(TDC)of Baofeng was similar to that of Queshan at the 56th day, then the activity of TDC of Baofeng increased quickly from the 56th day to 66th day and decreased quickly at the 98th day. The activity of TDC of Queshan rised reposefully from the 56th day to the 87th day after transplant, and decreased quickly from the 87th day to the 98th day. the PPO activity of Queshan was higher than that of Baofeng from the 56th day to 78th day after transplant, then , the PPO activity of Queshan was lower than that of Baofeng; the change trends of TDC activity of Queshan was opposite to that of PPO activity5. Effects of the different ecological condition on flavor matterThe total of aroma components in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves of Queshan was obviously higher than that of Baofeng, the difference on the content of neophytadiene and Malaysia ketone in Tobacco Leaves of Queshan and Baofeng was evident.the main chlorophyll degrading products neophytadiene of Queshan was obviously higher than that of Baofeng The Cembratriendid alkyl degrading products of Queshan was higher than that of Baofeng ,and the converted products of that in Queshan was also higher than that of Baofeng, the content of Phenylalanine and xylogen degrading products, such as benzaldehyde, hyacinthin and phenethyl alcohol in Baofeng was higher than that of Queshan. as a whole,the metabolism level of Phenylalanine and xylogen in Baofeng was higher than that of Queshan. Carotenoid degrading products, such as megastigmatrienone a and megastigmatrienone c in Baofeng was similar to that of Queshan. but the content ofβ-damascenone,β-dihydrodamascone,megastigmatrienone b and megastigmatrienone d in Queshan was obvious higher than that of Baofeng.