Studies On Characters Of Population And Min-Climate On Super-High-Yielding Japonica Rice In Sunan Area

The experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Science Research Institute of Wujin from 2008 to 2009 with the japonica rice cultivar Taijing394, Wuyunjing23 and Wuyunjingl5.The precise and quantitative cultivation techniques was performed in this research to plant rice in fields,and then populations of yield levels were chosed.. Through the analysis of different kinds of populations, we have make sure the growth and development characters of super-high yielding Japonica rice in sunan area. Otherwise we have provided the basic theory of generalizing techniques of growing and achieving super-high yielding. We also studied the characters of population composing of different levels of yielding in heading stage from the experiment Through the plane and plumb angles, we have described the population of this time in detail. We have made the profound proof-test through plant type and min-climate inside the population, many valuable dates were provided to make better colony in production at the heading time. The primary results were as follows.1. The characters of growth and development with Single-Cropping Japonica Rice are;Population tillers and matter production are very few at first,then very steady, quickly at last.The numbers of stems and tillers in heading stage are amout or a little more than that in maturing time,the value is 290～315×104hm-2,ratio of spiking is 80%.Weight of dry matter in heading stage are more than 12.6t-hm-2, Weight of dry matter from heading to maturing are ratio of 45% to all. Ratios of high effective LAI and effective LAI are obvious higer. the leaf area will slow between the heading and maturing time, there are more green leaf areas at the time of maturing,LAI is more than 3.2. Nitrogen uptake shows a rapid increase and its transfer rate become faster after the jointing stage, N harvest index are more than 0.65.Yield components are characterized by "enough and steady of spikes,multiple grain and high percentage of filled grain"2. Characters of population composing of super-high yielding in heading time are:Among the quantity indexes of stems and tillers, spikelet numbers, dry matter weight and leaf area, proportion of big tillers(dry weight ratio of tillers to main stems more than 0.8) was more than 30% and proportion of small tillers(dry weight ratio of tillers to main stems was less than 0.6) was less than 10%.In vertical direction, weight distribution to panicle was more than 16%, and dry weight of nutrient organ above 50cm layer to total was above 27% in Super-High-Yielding. LAI of Super-High-Yielding population had the distribution character to canopy, this phenomena above 50cm displayed distinct, and top three layers have obvious advantage.3. Plant type of super-high yielding is better and the internal environment is suitable.The first leaf is longer,the first angle is smaller; larger panicl,longer pole,rate of the first internode to pole is big, last two is smaller,the gap among the top three leaf location are larger. The lower part of super-high yielding populations is 96.0～112.8μmol·m-2·s-1,near to the most feasible value,86μmol·m-2·s-1.