Effects Of Creatine Pyruvate On Lipid And Protein Metabolism In Broiler Chickens

Creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) is a novel multifunction nutrient supplements, with the function of both Pyruvate and Creatine. The main functions of CrPyr are to restrain the protein of muscle from losing, increase the muscle weight significantly, promote energy production and endurance to maintain, improve exercise capacity, shorten the recovery time after fatigue and rebuild energy reserves to maintain health. At present, most research has been focused on Sports Physiology. The precise mechanisms by how CrPyr exerts its biological actions in lipid and protein metabolism are not fully understood, especially in broiler chickens. Therefore, a study was carried out to examine the effects of exogenous added CrPyr on lipid and protein metabolism in male AA broilers. The purpose of this study is to provide an experimental evidence for the apply of CrPyr on the livestock production and lead to a new research ideal on the modulation of nutriment.1 The effect of CrPyr on lipid metabolism in broiler chickensThree hundreds 1 day-old male AA broilers were randomly divided into four groups, each group included three replicates with 25 broilers. CrPyr was not added in the basal feed (control group). The low, middle and high CrPyr treated groups were fed with the basal feed with the supplementation of 1%,5% and 10% from 1 to 42 day-old, respectively. Four broiler chickens per replicate from each treatment were chosen randomly and slaughtered to collect specimens of blood, liver, abdominal fat at 42 day-old to detect the content of hepatic triglycerides (TG), blood triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), blood glucose(BG), glucagon, insulin, leptin, triiodothyronine(T3), thyroxin(T4), free triiodothyronine(FT3) and free thyroxin(FT4) in serum. The genes of fatty acid synthetase (FAS), acetyl Co A carboxylase1 (ACC1), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), peroxisome proliferators activated receptorα(PPARα), carnitine palmitoyl transferase-Ⅰ(CPT-Ⅰ) in liver for real-time PCR assays. The results showed that CrPyr significantly decreased the percentage of abdominal fat weight, the concentrations of TG and LDL-C in liver and serum, and unchanged HDL-C, BG, TC and NEFA levels. The low dosage CrPyr decreased serum concentration of leptin, and increased serum T4 value, The middle dosage CrPyr increased serum concentration of insulin, and decreased serum FT4 value, while the high dosage CrPyr had significantly higher lever of FT3 as compared with control. Consecutively, we found that peroxisome proliferators activated receptor a (PPARa) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-I (CPT-I) mRNA expressions showed a trend toward enhancement as the treatment of CrPyr. No significant difference was observed in fatty acid synthetase (FAS), acetyl CoA carboxylasel (ACC1) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) mRNA expression in broiler livers treated with CrPyr. The findings suggest that CrPyr regulates lipid metabolism of broilers by influencing lipid metabolic hormones and their physiological parameters. While CrPyr decelerates lipid anabolism key gene expression and accelerates lipid catabolism by induction of relevant gene expression.2 The effect of CrPyr on protein metabolism in broiler chickensThree hundreds 1 day-old male AA broilers were randomly divided into four groups, each group included three replicates with 25 broilers. CrPyr was not added in the basal feed (control group). The low, middle and high CrPyr treated groups were fed with the basal feed with the supplementation of 1%,5% and 10% from 1 to 42 day-old, respectively. Four broiler chickens per replicate from each treatment were chosen randomly and slaughtered to collect specimens of blood, liver, left breast and leg muscle samples at 42 day-old to detecte the content of uric acid, creatinine, total protein in serum, the activity of creatine kinase, GOT and GPT in serum and liver. The content of nucleic acid and protein in leg muscle were detected later. The diameter and density of leg muscle fiber were detected by cryosections. The genes of IGF-1, Myogenin and Myostatin in leg muscle for real-time PCR assays. The results showed that CrPyr significantly increased the percentage of breast muscle, but unchanged the percentage of leg muscle. The low dosage CrPyr significantly decreased the content of uric acid in serum, and unchanged CK, total protein, GPT and creatinine levels. The high dosage CrPyr increased the activity of GOT, the ratio of RNA/DNA and the content of protein compared with the control group. Consecutively, we found that IGF-1 mRNA expression were significantly higher in liver and leg muscle, CrPyr significantly increased Myogenin mRNA expression in middle group, But no significant difference was observed in Myostatin mRNA expression in broiler leg muscle treated with CrPyr. The AA boilers fed with CrPyr could significantly increased the density of leg muscle fiber, also, it could decreased the fiber diameter in the middle group than that at the control. The findings suggest that CrPyr regulates protein metabolism of broilers by enhancing the enzyme activity and the key gene expression related to protein metabolism. While CrPyr may improve the muscle growth by elevating the synthesis of protein in broilers.