| The Conversion of Farmland to Forests Project is one of the six great forestry ecological projects in China, which is a strategic plan brought up by CPC Central Committee and State Council with focusing on the long term sustainable development. It is the fundamental plan for achieving the coordinated growth among Chinese economic, society and environment. It is a fundamental measure to control water and soil erosion, restore soil degradation and improve ecological environment. It plays an important role in developing low carbon economy, keeping ecological balance and maintaining regional ecological security. Therefore, comprehensive analysis and systematical evaluation of Conversion of Farmland to Forests Project can grasp the effect of the project, which has great significance to manage ecosystem project and make macroscopic decision.This paper topic source is evaluation item of remote sensing monitoring of national forestry ecological project'key areas. On the basis of 3S technology and monitoring achievements in 2003, through remote sensing digital image processing and information extraction, this paper builds 2005 Conversion of Farmland to Forests' Database . In this study, we analyze the data of two periods: Fast monitoring farmland, dynamically monitoring the change trend of Conversion of Farmland to Forests by using transfer matrix; On the basis of analyzing the change of land use type, this paper studies the change of landscape Pattern caused by Conversion of Farmland to Forests, then carrying on research on the ecological benefit. The main achievements made in this study are as follows:(1)Through overlap analysis of the farmland information and slope information extracted from the DEM, this paper monitored the effect of Conversion of Farmland to Forests directly and rapidly; And the research shows that the retreated cropland' slope is mainly more than 25 degree.(2)By analyzing the transfer matrix of land utilization, it indicates that cropland, forest and Agro-Forestry Land have changed in the study area. Firstly, the cropland and Agro-Forestry Land have transformed to Forestland, which shows that the implementation of Conversion of Farmland to Forestland has achieved good results. Secondly, there is a few Forestland transforming to Agro-Forestry Land, which states that there is low-grade land degradation phenomenon in the process of Conversion of Farmland to Forestland.(3)The conversions of land use types caused the changes of landscape pattern in a certain extent. The diversity index of the landscape pattern decreased, degree of fragmentation abated, and degree of concentration increased in the study area. The implementation of Conversion of Farmland to Forestland makes Forest landscape more outstanding as the advantage landscape type, the proportion of each landscape type is different greatly, and landscape pattern presents the unbalance distribution trend.(4)Through Conversion of Farmland to Forests, the integral ecological environment has improved greatly in the research area. Forest having relatively higher ecological value increased significantly, and it makes integral ecological environmental quality index increase. Meanwhile, the total contribution index of ecological environment improvement caused changes of land use types far outweighs the total contribution index of ecological environment degradation . It shows the land degradation situation is basically under the control, bringing good ecological benefit.This study has some new trials as followed:In data analysis, the transform of raster data and vector data each other achieves different analysis requirements. Combining the distribution rule of the farmland in DEM with the transfer matrix of land use types, we can analyze comprehensively the effect of Conversion of Farmland to Forestland. On the basis, with the landscape pattern analysis as the means, the paper introduces the principle of ecological service value, then we can study ecological benefit of Conversion of Farmland to Forestland. |
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