| Lacking of irrigation water, serious soil secondary salinity, the agriculture had been inhibited to sustained and healthy development in Hetao Irrigation Area. How to reasonable using and saving irrigation water, reduce the occurrence of stalinization were the primary task to agriculture development in Hetao Irrigation Area. This paper was aimed at the status of water-saving irrigation in Hetao Irrigation Area, took soil surface mulching, application rate and application methods of PAM and super absorbent in Hetao Irrigation Area as study objects, monitored the soil moisture, soil temperature, soil salinity and tomato growth, and had the following results:1. Plastic film mulching was still the main mulching methods in Hetao Irrigation AreaPlastic film mulching increased soil temperature in 0-20cm soil layer in the early stage of tomato growth when sowing tomato, but corn straw mulching and film with corn straw mulching decreased soil temperature in 0-20cm soil layer. All of plastic film mulching, corn straw mulching and film with corn straw mulching increased soil moisture in 0-50 cm soil layer in the early stage of tomato growth, while the plastic film mulching was the best among them. The yield of tomato with plastic film mulching and plastic film with corn straw mulching were increased by 222.61% and 17.04% against the control, while corn straw mulching had slightly lower yields than the control. Plastic film mulching was suitable for tomato production in sowing time, but the corn straw mulching was unsuitable in Hetao Irrigation Area.2. Presenting the suitable application rate of super absorbent and PAMAll application rates of PAM, super absorbent and PAM+super absorbent significantly increased soil moisture, inhibited surface soil salt accumulation, increased the survival rate of seedling, photosynthetic rate, yields and water use efficiency of tomato in Hetao Irrigation Area. The most suitable application rate of super absorbent was 45.0 kg/hm2, PAM was 37.5 kg/hm2, PAM+super absorbent had no significantly most suitable application rate. At same application rate, the effect of super absorbent was better, PAM was the second, PAM+super absorbent was poor. Super absorbent should be actively promoted in tomato production in Hetao Irrigation Area.3. Presenting the suitable application methods of super absorbent and PAMAll treatments of super absorbent, PAM, and PAM+super absorbent with the application methods of furrowing, mixing, broadcasting and holing had reduced soil evaporation, inhibited surface soil salt accumulation effectively, improved the survival rate of tomato significantly, promoted the tomato growth. Furrowing super absorbent respectively increased tomato biomass, yields and water use efficiency by 76.54%, 37.13% and 51.5% compared with the control. Broadcasting PAM respectively increased 56.60%, 25.75% and 30.3%. Furrowing PAM+super absorbent respectively increased 58.12%, 25.75% and 32.5% against the control. The main application method of super absorbent should be furrowing, while PAM should be broadcasting in Hetao Irrigation AreaThe phenomenon of soil salinization was serious in Hetao Irrigation Area, and the stage of tomato growth was short, plastic film mulching should be the main mulching methods in tomato production. The suitable application rate of super absorbent was 45.0 kg/hm2, while PAM was 37.5 kg/hm2, and the suitable application methods of super absorbent was furrowing, while PAM was broadcasting. |
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