| Abstract: In this paper, according to repeated field trial investigation, crop cultivation characteristics and the natural growing conditions in our city, set different studies of variety comparison, density, fertilizer and other tests in experiment, studied agronomic traits, resistance, yield and yield components factors of rapeseed and rice. Has made some significant conclusions to practice production:1. Comparison between main rice varieties showed that, Fengyouxiangzhan, Fengyou 28 and Xieyou527 showed better disease-resistance, yield stability, and higher yield than other varieties, have a high value of widely popularization; between other rice varieties, Tianlong 540, Tianyou 10, and Yixiang7808 demonstrated excellent yield and yield components than other varieties, suitable for demonstration and popularization in Hanzhong.2. The size of rice ears are positive correlated with density, grain number and seed setting rate decreased with increasing density. Within a certain range, grain yield and agronomic traits promoted as density increases, the appropriate density is 185000 interpolation points per hm2.3. Within a certain range, with the increase of potassium, rice yield and yield components increased. Treatment using 150 kg/hm2 of potassium showed 11.9% higher yield than control, and grain number per spike is 10.8% higher than control; multiple regression analysis was concluded that when fertilizer with N: P: K = 164.0:90.5:133.1 kg / hm2, have maximum yield of 10355.7 kg/hm2; yield was highest when using mixed fertilizer: N (basal: tillering: panicle = 90:45:15) and K (basal: spike = 90:60 ); using biogas slurry and manure could significantly increase rice yield, the yield of treatment using biogas residues fertilizer are 13.3% higher compared with control, treatment using biogas slurry to soak seed was 4.7% higher than control; slurry spraying treatment had 3.2% higher yield than control; slurry spraying and soaking was 8.3% higher than control.4. According to the 14 years (1991~2004) meteorological data of Hanzhong Weather Station, the best flowering stage out of Hanzhong rice is late July, followed by early August; flowering stage of Hanzhong Basin late mature varieties combination should be in late April 10, medium mature varieties combination should be planted in the April 20 to obtain highest yield..5. In summary, rapeseed variety Zayou 1, Zhongyouza 2, Qinyan 211 and Shanyou 8 showed higher yield and better yield components performance, suitable for cultivation in Hanzhong, with good popularization value.6. With the increase of rapeseed plant density, yield was parabola. Double low rapeseed Qinyou 7 had highest yield at transplanting density of 90,000 / hm2; Qinyou 10 was highest at density of 92,000 / hm2; Qinyou 11 was highest at the density of 107,000 / hm2.7. Using boron with nitrogen and phosphorus significantly increased seed yield, N + P + borax was 1983.9 kg/hm2, 64.7% increased compared with control; N + borax was 1486.95 kg/hm2, 23.44% increased compared with control; rapeseed yield was highest at 2625 kg/hm2with N : P: K = 165:225:25 kg/hm2, higher than control of 1590 kg/hm2. The optimum multiple regression analysis demonstrated that best fertilizer ratio was N: P: K = 143.4:83.9:51.75 kg/hm2, yield 2519.9 kg/hm2; within a certain amount of nitrogen, nitrogen fertilization can improve the yield of rapeseed, as to the field condition and nitrogen within the soil of this study, nitrogen fertilizer of 285 kg/hm2 had highest yield of 2604 kg/hm2. |
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