| Pinus elliotii, introduced from America, is widely planted in south of China as one of the most important tree species in timber forest and oleoresin. In order to meet the demand of Slash pine fine varieties used in afforestation, vegetative propagation technology of slash pine became urgent. The present study was focused on cutting orchard management and vegetative propagation of Slash pine. The results are as follows:(1) Cutting orchard management experiments of slash pine investigated the influences of headed trunk height, headed trunk time and amount of fertilizer on sprout time, number and quality. The results showed that the sprout time of Slash pine was affected by height and time of headed trunk. The sprout time of 29,24 and 15 days were, respectively, investigated after headed trunk on March 22, April 6, and April 22. The sprout time of 31,29,27 days were observed in headed trunk height of 8,12 and 16 cm, respectively. Meanwhile, sprout number was also varied under different height of headed trunk. When headed trunk height is 12cm, the maxmium sprout number of 10 was produced per plant, significantly higher than headed trunk height of 8cm. Time of headed trunk significantly affected cuttings length. The largest cuttings length of 18.3 cm was displayed in headed trunk on March 22, significantly higher than on April 22. The management methods of cutting orchard of Slash pine have no significant influence on the diameter of cuttings. Therefore, the optimum headed trunk time and height of Slash Pine cutting orchard were late March or early April and 12 cm, respectively.(2) Water culture experiments of Slash Pine needle fascicles investigated the influences of water culture ways and approaches to the base of needle fascicles on rooting. The results showed that the Static Culture had the best rooting condition, which rooting rate was up to 40%, not only had a significantly higher rooting rate than the Cyclic Culture, but also has significantly higher root number than the Shaking Culture. The approaches to the base of the needle fascicles which were resection basal, with basal and primary leaves and with basal not with primary leaves of the needle fascicles had no significant influence on the rooting rate and root number. The best rooting rate of 59% was displayed in raised 40 needle fascicles every bottle in the Static Culture by using the cylindrical wide mouth culture vessel with 8cm diameterandl4cm high, the highest transplanting survival rate of 85% was displayed in transplanting on April 18. In addition, transplanting time, transplanting temperature and weather conditions had a certain influence on the transplanting survival rate.(3) Cutting experiments of Slash Pine cuttings investigated the influences cutting medium ratio, hormone treatment of cuttings, mother trees age and cutting orchard management practices on the rooting condition. The results showed that the rooting rate of cuttings was affected by cutting matrix ratio, the highest rooting rate of 88%was displayed in matrix ratio of peat:perlite(5:5), significantly higher than matrix ratio of peat: perlite(7:3). The rooting rate of cuttings was affected by Hormone treatment, the highest rooting rate of 75% was displayed in 100 mg/1 IBA solution for 3h, which root effect index was up to 9.19. The maternal plants ages of Slash Pine had significant effect on rooting rate, rooting number, rooting weight and root effect index, the highest rooting rate and of 88% was displayed in annual, significantly higher than maternal plant, the highest root effect index of 11.58 was displayed in annual, significantly higher than perennial, the largest rooting number of 2.81 was displayed in two years old, which also had the most weight of 0.39g. Headed trunk time had significantly effect on root number and root effect index, the largest rooting number of 2.30 was displayed in headed trunk on March 22, which also had a higher root effect index of 12.24. |
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