Preliminary Study On Living Aquatic Resources Enhancement In China

Recently, overfishing, water pollution and human disturbance factors such as water conservancy construction makes the fishery resources in the world are showing a declining trend. However, the demand of human for aquatic products is increasing .Under the circumstances, more and more countries are paying attention to the proliferation and implementation of living aquatic resources enhancement. The longtime research practice shows that the enhancement and release in scientific way is an important way to improve fishery waters, restore fishery resources, protect the biodiversity and promote sustainable development. But, the lack knowledge of fish habitat and technical problems inherent in releasing may cause huge losses in economic, resources and ecology .Therefore,enhancement and release is a very serious and complex work.Currently, our country is conducting the campaign of living aquatic resources enhancement. However, the present releasing lacks detailed planning, such as the lack of scientific guidance when choosing the releasing species, the number and the expected effects. Moreover, we don't have a standard evaluation system to check the actual reproduction effect, the result of the aquatic ecology. This project has some blindness, which means that it is hard to achieve the effect prospectively. Consequently, it is necessary to set up an evaluation system as well as carrying out the relevant rules, leading to regulate aquatic species enhancement and releasing, and assesses the enhancement effect, finally achieving the maximum benefit of enhancement. In this paper, we chose literature method, Q&A method and system analysis method to analysis the management of aquatic species enhancement and releasing, and then summarized the problems of the technology and management, then on this basis, set up a primary evaluation system via learning from the experience of management from abroad, finally suggested a measure based on the evaluation system. Overall, we hoped that this paper would provide some advices for the management of living aquatic resources enhancement in China.Firstly, the paper does a systematic research on the basis theory of living aquatic resources enhancement, including the concept of living aquatic resources and stock enhancement, classification and function analysis of enhancement, in order to have a clear understanding about living aquatic resources enhancement. In addition, the paper also summarized situation at home and abroad about enhancement.Secondly, the paper analyzes the existing problems of stock enhancement in technology and management currently: lack of basic research work of enhancement and standardization for technology; evaluation methods of enhancement are simple and backward; the process of enhancement and releasing is blindness; the evaluation system of enhancement is imperfection; enhancement and releasing supporting measures need strengthening. So the importance of constructing enhancement- effect evaluation system is explicit.At the same time, combining the basic principles of index system, the evaluation system based on enhancement, constructed the ecological benefits , economic benefits and social benefits three service functions enhancement effect, which evaluate the effect of management at home and abroad of enhancement and releasing the technological route of experience and research basis was set up .And according to the proposed above in living aquatic resources enhancement in technology and management, and the existing problems in preliminary construct effect evaluation system, further put forward living aquatic resources enhancement management framework which was based on the performance evaluation system.Finally, based on the management framework of living aquatic resources enhancement, this paper made the following countermeasures and advice: Improve the scientific the enhancement and releasing work known; Strengthen basic research of the enhancement and releasing management; Establish "government - enterprise - research institutions" closely aligned with the management mode; Establish standardized enhancement and releasing procedures; Perfect performance evaluation system; Strengthen enhancement and releasing supporting measures management; Investment policies to encourage pluralism.Due to enhancement and releasing management and evaluation system involves aspect of the complex, the wide theory and the time is pressing, ability is limited, some deficiencies and problems still exist. For instance, the evaluation system of living aquatic resources enhancement is mainly based on enhancement and releasing three service functions, but, the enhancement and releasing management and effect evaluation research is a multi-attribute target system, in the process of evaluation, limited by the cognitive ability and environmental conditions, and the influence of utility principle, has certain subjectivity. How to better avoid the impact of these factors, overcome its subjectivity, and needs further research in the future work. In addition, this paper put forward the effect the enhancement and releasing management evaluation system just from the theory, and did not choose specific waters enhancement and releasing analysis and study ,lack of specific practice case validate the system the rationality and validity.