Effects Of Maternal Different Fat Sources On The Multiparious Sows' Productive Performance And The Composition Of Milk

The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of dietary fat sources on productive performance and the composition of colostrum and milk. One hundred Large White×Landrace sows, with similar parity, were allocated to five diets with 20 replicates of one sow in each group.They were fed a control (adding no fat), palm oil (PO),mixed oil (mo), fish oil (FO) or soybean oil (SO) diet from 90d of pregnancy to weaning[the ration of (fat providede energy/total energy) were 8.09%and 8.69% in gestation and lactation].The daily DE intake in late pregnancy was similar among all treaments through regulating average daily feed intake (ADFI). Sows were fed ad libitum in lactation. The results were as follows:1,No significant differences were noted among treatments with respect to the total number of piglets born, born alive, dead, individual birth weight and litter birth weights.2,The ADFI of control group were significantly greater than the other treatment groups (P<0.05). However, daily DE intake did not differ among treatment groups. Supplemention of fat did not influence individual weaning piglet weight and wean-to-estrus interval (WEI). Supplemention of FO and SO significantly increased litter size weaning, weaning survival rate, litter weight gain, and litter weight weaning, average daily gain was increased in FO group, compared with control group(P<0.05). Supplemention of PO and MO did not influence suckling piglets performance, compared with control group (P<0.05). Supplemention of FO significantly increased weaning survival rate, litter weight gain, and litter weight weaning, compared with PO group(P<0.05). Supplemention of FO significantly increased litter weight gain and litter weight weaning, compared with MO group(P<0.05). Supplemention of different fat sources did not influence litter size weaning and the average daily gain(ADG).3,The fat content of colostrum in FO group was significantly reduced, but increased in SO group, compared with control group(P<0.05). The fat content of milk in FO and SO group were significantly increased, compared with control group(P<0.05). Supplemention of PO did not influence the fat content of colostrum and milk, comparied with control group. The fat content of colostrum in FO group was significantly reduced, but increased in SO group, compared with PO group(P<0.05). The fat content of milk in SO group was significantly increased, but no difference noted in FO group, compared with PO group(P<0.05).There were no differences in the content of protein, lactose and solid-non-fat among dietary treatments in colostrum and milk (P>0.05).4,In colostrum, the concentration of C16:0 in PO was significantly higher among control, FO and SO groups, the concentration of C20:5(n-3), C22:5(n-3), C22:6(n-3) in FO group were significantly increased among control, PO and SO groups, and the concentration of C18:2(n-6) in SO was significantly higher among control, FO and PO groups (P<0.05).The concentration of C20:4(n-6) in SO-fed sows was significantly increased compared with FO group (P<0.05), nor difference in PO and control groups (P>0.05). In milk, the concentration of C 16:0 in PO-fed sows was significantly increased compared with FO and SO groups (P<0.05), no difference was observed in control group. The concentration of C22:5 (n-3) and C22:6 (n-3) were significantly increased in FO-fed sows compared with the other treatments (P<0.05).5,The concentration of C22:5 (n-6) in FO-fed sows was significantly increased compared with control and PO groups (P<0.05), no difference was observed in SO group(P>0.05). The concentration of C22:6 (n-3) in FO-fed sows was significantly increased compared with the other treatments(P<0.05).The concentration of C20:4 (n-6) in FO-fed sows was significantly reduced compared with the other treatments (P<0.05). The concentration of C 18:2 (n-6) in SO group was significantly higher compared with control and FO group (P<0.05), no difference was observed in PO group(P>0.05).6,IgG and IgM levels in colostrum and milk were significantly greater in the FO-fed sows than in the other diets-fed sows (P<0.05).7,The economic benefit of control, PO, Mo and SO groups was reduced by 31.1%,22.7%,16.0% and 4.5%, respectively, compared with FO group. We can draw conclusions from above results that:1,When daily DE intake in late pregnancy was 43MJ/d, supplenmention of fat to sows' diet did not affect the total number of piglets born, born alive, individual birth weight and litter birth weights.2,When daily DE intake in lactation was 68.86-71.OMJ/d, supplenmention of SO or FO to sows'diet were beneficial for lactation performance. Supplenmention of PO or MO to sows'diet did not improve lactation performance. The economic benefit of FO was the best.3,Supplenmention of SO significantly increased the fat content of colostrum and milk. Supplenmention of SO significantly increased the content of immunoglobulin in colostrum and milk. The fatty acid profile of sows'colostrum, milk and the serum of progeny were highly dependent on the maternal dietary fat sources.