Technology Research And Evaluation On Climate Response Of Traditional Houses In Nyingchi Tibet Area

Tibet is located in the southwestern border, the main part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with character of vast territory, high mountains and deep valleys, high altitude. It is an area of 120 square kilometers, accounting for about 1 / 8 of Chinese territory. Nyingchi Tibet area is located in the southeastern part of Tibet. due to the unique geographical environment and the impact of atmospheric circulation, it has developed a special Nyingchi humid and sub-humid tropical climate. Nyingchi is mostly covered with the rainy forest, and with a few pastoral areas. Special climatic conditions and natural environment created regional traditional houses of Nyingchi. In the course of the traditional residential construction and utilization, local residents created a lot of working and life experiences which is friendly to the environment and still in use. A lot of construction practice adapted to local climate should be summarized and used. However, due to little technology and knowledge of the local residents, there are still some construction practice not adapted to the local ecology. Therefore, scientificly summarizing the experience of traditional ecological residential areas, and finding and improving these practices, which is of multiple values and meanings for improving the living standards life for local residents , promoting sustainable development of Tibet and protecting the local ecological environment.This paper includes several aspects as follows:(1) The author stayed for more than 30 days in Bayi Nyingchi Tibet, fully carring out field research on Nyingchi houses. The author conducted field investigations on Nyingchi houses in the way of site visits and on-site measurements of physical environment, to do a comprehensive and systematic analysis and evaluation from qualitative and quantitative aspects. construction experiences of traditional ecological residential areas were scientifically summarized .Through on-site observation and interviews, more than 10 villages representative of traditional and new rural areas were investigated. The environmental measurement points of representative houses in Nyingchi were selected, and measuring the temperature and humidity, wind speed, temperature, wall surface temperature and so on. using computer software simulation (Ecotect and Fluent airpak) and field measurement to study the physical residential environment. In order to avoid some errors and inaccuracy of computer simulation, this paper is based on a large number of measurement, supplemented by computer simulation to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the study.(2) Since 2006, Tibet vigorously promote Housing Projects to rapidly improve the living standards, but it also made most of the traditional "Gongbu Houses" in Nyingchi area with accessibility and economic development evolved into a new standard residential type "Gongbu New Houses" in a short time through the transformation and reconstruction. However, residential construction is so fast standardized to bring certain problems. And the author also conducted analysis and evaluation.(3) Based on the above investigation and research, the author discussed the development possibility and evolution trends of the traditional houses in Nyingchi Tibet area, and brougt forth residential improvement and renewal strategy. This paper focuses on the development and evolution of the traditional houses of Nyingchi, and proposed some renewal strategy.After studying the author draw conclusions as follows:(1) Based on literature research and field visits about various houses types and features in Tibetan Nyingchi,the author obtained the context diagram about evolution of traditional houses.(2) In the context of promoting clean energy and paying attention to the ecological environment in Tibet, and based on field visits and measured, the author suggested that solar houses is likely to be the evolution direction and trend of the traditional houses in Tibetan Nyingchi area.(3)Traditional houses and the evolved form "Gongbu new houses" of Nyingchi is made analysis and evaluation from both the layout of the villages and single buildings, and brought forth technical update climate response strategies. This paper focus on the use of abundant solar energy resources, to solve the residential winter heating problems and balance daily temperature. and propose passive solar energy transformation and updating strategy for traditional houses of Nyingchi.