The Analysis Of Air-Spring's Stiffness On Vehicle

Along with our country's high speed railway construction and the promotion of the passenger train's speed, under the guarantee of the security's premise pursuing long distance and short time's concept has struck root in the hearts of the people. The railroad passenger no longer satisfy merely in the journey transportation vehicle which rides can safely and punctually arrive at the destination, but is the union of the speed, rides comfortableness, and the security. High-speed railroad let passenger who take the train while enjoys the high speed railroad to bring convenient and efficiency, highly affirming the vehicles which be taken to journey can bring comfortableness and stability.As is known to all, high-speed trains and rails is belong to wheel/rail contact, and its speed is average above 200km/h, in satisfying the structural strength under the condition, whether its dynamics factor can satisfy the movement quality's request under the high speed travel become the determining factor. the train which move with high speed will unavoidably receive from the Track irregularity and the excitation which the curve bring to, thus producing vertical and lateral vibration, which has the tremendous influence to vehicles' safety in operation, the stability and the comfortable. how to alleviate this kind of excitation, becomes the key of improving the vehicles movement quality. As vehicle's shock attenuation device, the air-spring compares the steel-spring has obvious superiority, mainly displays in the stiffness on nonlinear characteristics. Ordinary steel-spring's stiffness cannot be adjusted in the beginning of design, just according to the operation sections do some improvement, which resulting in the obvious difference of the riding quality between the different load vehicles. While air-spring can according to the difference on the load adjust the stiffness, which assuring the steady of the natural frequency of vibration, additionally with the effect of the leveling valve making the vehicle's riding quality more steady.The finite element software's simulation have the merit for reducing the experiment cost an the experiment cycle, which can also provide a more highly effective method for the design and the manufacture on the products. This paper expounds different types of air-spring, and build the mathematical model of its stiffness character, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages under different affecting factors. Besides, summarizing the air-spring's auxiliary component, such as leveling valve, throttle, and additional air reservoir, providing the reliable theory for establishing the finite element model. Using nonlinearity finite element software ABAQUS to establish the finite element model of the air-spring, according to experiment's general request simulate the vertical and the lateral stiffness of the air-spring, including the relationship of load-displacement, load-pressure, and pressure-stiffness on the vertical and lateral. According to the mathematical model and finite element theory analyses the cause of the results differences, compared with the test result to check the reliability of the results, thus enrich the general conclusion on the air-spring's mathematical model. Finally, through simulating and calculating the influence of the air-spring's vertical and lateral stiffness characteristics, including the arc angle on the rubber structural, cord bias angle, thickness of the cord thread, number of cord layer on the rubber-cord structure, flat angle and additional air reservoir. Summarizing the changing patterns under the influence of different factors, providing theory for the study of the air-spring's nonlinear stiffness character.