| The development and application of no phosphorus detergent isone of the important things of the detergent manufacturing nowadays.Zeolite, which has good washing effect, is an alternative washingauxiliaries of sodium tripolyphosphate. However, it has poor solubility inwater and will be settled on the surface of fabric easily in the process ofwashing. It couldn't use it only to alternate the sodium tripolyphosphatebecause of the low exchange speed of calcium, magnesium ions. Acrylicacid copolymer of maleic anhydride can be used to chelate calcium in thewater and disperse calcium carbonate solid particles effectively, becauseit is a high negative change density of the polymer. Therefore, it can beused on behalf of phosphorus additives, polymer detergent additives,textile auxiliaries due to it's excellent synergies with other watertreatment agents. However, the biodegradation of maleicanhydride/acrylic acid copolymer is bad, and the inhibition effect oncalcium phosphate is poor. Improving the washing performance and biodegradability of maleic anhydride/acrylic acid copolymer is veryimportant on theory and application.Three modified copolymers of maleic anhydride and acrylic acidwere synthesized in order to improve the inhibition effect on calciumphosphate and degradability by using third monomer containing sulfonicgroup or introducing ether to the main chain of the copolymer. The mainwork and results are as follows:(1) The basic copolymer was prepared by radical polymerization inwater, using maleic anhydride and acrylic acid as raw materials,ammonium persulfate as initiator. Effects of the dosage of initiator andmole ratio of monomer on molecular weight and washing performance ofcopolymer were discussed in detail. Results showed that the molecularweight of copolymer can be designed and controlled, and calciumchelated property of the copolymer reached330mg/g, calcium soapscattered ability exceeded90%.(2) Poly (maleic anhydride-acrylic acid-allyl sodium sulfate) wassynthesized successfully by radical copolymerization in order to improvethe calcium phosphate scale inhibitors performance. Results showed thatthe calcium phosphate scale inhibitors performance of the tagettricopolymer reached89.6%when the mole ratio of maleic anhydride,acrylic acid and allyl sodium sulfate is6:3:3.(3) Poly (maleic anhydride-acrylic acid-ethyl ether sodium sulfate) was synthesized successfully too by radical copolymerization. Thecalcium phosphate scale inhibitors performance of the tricopolymer wasreached99.0%when the mole ratio of maleic anhydride, acrylic acid andethyl ether sodium sulfate is6:3:3.(4) In order to improve the degradation of copolymer, two differentmonomers with epoxy group were synthesized, such as epoxysuccinateand2-methyl-2,3-epoxypropiorote, using maleic anhydride and acrylicacid as raw materials respectively. Furthermore, the epoxysuccinicacid-2-methyl-2,3-epoxypropiorote copolymer was prepared by anionicring-opening polymerization. The structure of the copolymer wascharacterization by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetismresponse spectroscopy and the properties were tested also. Resultsshowed that the ether group was introduced to the main chain of thecopolymer successfully and chelate ability of calcium ions attained153mg/g. |
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