Synthesis And Characterization Of Zinc 5,5'-Azotetrazolate

A green primary explosive zinc 5,5'-azotetrazolate(ZnATZ, ATZ=5,5'-azotetrazolate), including its preparation, structure characterization, physic property and explosive performance was described in this paper. The new high-nitrogen compound was synthesized with Zn2+and sodium 5,5'-azotetrazolate(NaATZ), which is prepared by 5-aminotetrazole as a staring materials. The optimal reaction conditions have been found with orthogonal experiments. The experments were carried out with the L9(3,4) orthogonal table as four factors and three level. The four selected factors are reaction temperature, concentration of NaATZ, concentration of Zn2+ and NaATZ/zinc salt (mole raito). The molecular composition was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, Raman, and XRD and then the molecular formula C2N10Zn·2H2O was confirmed.The phenomenon of crystal phase transformation occurred on ZnATZ under the appropriate conditions, and ZnATZ changed obviously on basic performance and explosive properties between pre and post crystal transformation. The rate of phase transformation of ZnATZ was studied under different temperature, different zinc salt and whether seeding. The polymorphism was characterized by IR,Raman and XRD.It shows that ZnATZ has low hygroscopicity, little false density and poor fluxion property. ZnATZ is also compatibility with Cu and barium nitrate and thermally stable to at least 200℃. It can be confirmed that ZnATZ and m-ZnATZ are sensitive to flame and impact, which is important characteristics for ignition or percussion composition. The product after phase transformation (t-ZnATZ) is too insensitive to flame and impact to be used as primary explosive, although its particle size is bigger and fluxion property is better than ZnATZ. The results show that ZnATZ is feasible to be used as donor charge in the flying plate detonator; The stab composition containing ZnATZ with adjustable sensitivity and have application prospects in stab detonator; As an important component of percussion composition, ZnATZ has excellent impact sensitivity, environmental-friendly decomposition product gases. It can be avoided that the problems associated with toxicity, smoke and residue with the element lead.